肾病综合征急性肾炎患儿及家长心理卫生状况初步研究

Psychological Status of Both Children with the Nephrotic Syndrome or Acute Glomerulonephritis and Their Parents

摘要:

目的：探讨肾病综合征(NS)，急性肾炎(AGN)患儿及家长个性、心理健康状况与疾病的关系，为NS，AGN的心理干预治疗提供理论依据。方法：采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对患儿及家长个性心理进行调查。结果：NS患儿P，E量表得分低于正常儿童对照组(P<0.05)，N和L量表得分高于正常儿童对照组(P<0.05)，AGN患儿P，E，N，L量表得分与正常儿童对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)，患儿家长N 和L量表得分高于正常成人对照组(P<0.05)，E量表得分低于正常成人对照组(P<0.05)，P量表得分无显著性差异(P>0.05)。NS患儿SCL-90评定结果，除强迫、精神病性及附加量表外，余如躯体化症状、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐惧、偏执得分均明显高于正常儿童对照组(P<0.05)，AGN患儿除躯体化症状外，余各项因子得分与正常儿童对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)，而患儿家长SCL-90各项因子得分均高于正常成人对照组(P<0.05)。结论：本研究提示NS患儿具有内向、情绪不稳定的个性倾向，心理上具有明显的焦虑、抑郁、恐惧、躯体化等多方面症状，AGN患儿个性和心理与正常儿童无差异，NS，AGN患儿家长具有内向、神经质个性倾向，心理上亦具有明显的焦虑、抑郁、恐惧、躯体化等症状。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the disease and the personality and psychological status of children with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) or acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) and their parents. METHODS: We studied the personality and psychological profiles of the patients and their parents using the EPQ and SCL-90 inventories. RESULTS: In the NS group, the score of P.E inventory was lower while the score of N.L inventory was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). However, the score of P.E.N.L inventory did not show any significant difference between the AGN group and the control group (P>0.05). The results of SCL-90 score showed that the NS group had higher scores in the somatization, interpersonal sensetivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, fear and paranoia (but not obsession and psychiatrics) sections of the test compared to the control group (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the AGN group and the conrol group except in the somatization score. On the other hand, all scores of the parents of the patients were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Children with NS show a tendency towards introversion and emotional liability, and are more likely to suffer from depression, anxiety, fear and somatization. There was no significant difference between the AGN group and the control group in personality and psychology. The parents of children with NS or AGN have a tendency of introversion and neuoticism. They also have obvious symptoms of depression, anxiety, fear and somatization.