高压氧对缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠内源性神经干细胞和髓鞘的保护作用

Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on neural stem cells and myelin in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage

摘要:

目的：以前的研究已经证实高压氧(HBO)对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)有保护作用,但其确切机制尚不清楚。该研究从HBO对内源性神经干细胞(NSCs)和髓鞘的影响来探讨HBO保护作用的机制。方法：7日龄SpragueDawley新生大鼠随机分为4组:正常对照组、HIBD组、高压空气治疗组(HBA)和高压氧治疗组(HBO)。HBA组和HBO组于缺氧缺血后1h内分别行HBA和HBO处理,每日1次连续7d。BrdU免疫组化检测在体内源性神经干细胞(NSCs)。Westernblot测定nestin的表达。髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)免疫组化检测髓鞘损伤。结果：HIBD后3周,HIBD组缺血侧的室管膜下(SVZ)区和海马齿状回(DG)BrdU阳性细胞数目明显少于正常对照组(均P<0.01),HBO组SVZ区BrdU阳性细胞增多不明显,但DG区BrdU阳性细胞明显增多,与HIBD组比较差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。HIBD组nestin表达较正常对照组下降,HBO组表达增加,HBA组增加不明显。HIBD后1周,HIBD组MBP免疫组化损伤评分增加,HBO组与HBA组损伤评分均有减轻,HBO组与HIBD组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01),但与HBA组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论：HBO可减少新生大鼠HIBD后内源性NSCs的死亡和减轻髓鞘损伤,这可能是HBO的保护作用机制之一。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on neural stem cells (NSCs) and myelin in neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) and aimed to explore the possible mechanism of the protective effect of HBO on HIBD. METHODS: Seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly assigned into 4 groups: Normal control, HIBD, hyperbaric air (HBA), and HBO groups (n=30 each). The HIBD model was produced by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery and 2 hrs hypoxemia exposure (8% O-2 at 37 ℃). HBA and HBO treatment was administered (2 ATA, once daily for 7 days) in the HBA and HBO groups respectively 1 hr after HIBD. BrdU immunohistochemistry was used to detect the NSCs in the sub-ventricle zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle and the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus. The myelin damage was assessed by myelin basic protein (MBP) immunostaining. RESULTS: The BrdU-positive cells in the SVZ and the DG of the ischemic hemisphere in the HIBD group were dramatically decreased compared with those of the Normal control group at 3 weeks post-HIBD (P< 0.01). The HBO treatment resulted in an increase of BrdU-positive cells in the DG from 153.7±37.0 to 193.7±38.8 (P< 0.05). The nestin expression in the HIBD and HBA groups was reduced compared with that in the Normal control group. There was no difference in the nestin expression between the HBO and the Normal control groups. Hypoxia-ischemia (HI) led to marked myelin damage at 1 week post-HIBD. HBO or HBA treatment alleviated the damage. CONCLUSIONS: The HBO treatment can result in the proliferation of BrdU-positive cells and alleviate the myelin damage following HIBD in neonatal rats, thereby offering neuroprotectivity against HI insults.