健康新生儿的胃电图研究

Pattern of electrogastrogram in healthy neonates

摘要:

目的：研究健康新生儿的胃电图。方法：20个健康足月新生儿胎龄37～39周，男11例，女9例，出生时阿氏评分平均为9.3±0.4分，无窒息，无器质性疾病，母乳喂养。采用体表胃电图，分别于出生后第1（第12小时），7，14，21，28 天记录空腹和餐后体表胃电图各30 min。计算胃电图的以下参数: 主频、不同慢波节律的百分比、主频不稳定系数、功率比。结果：在所有新生儿均可记录到与成人类似的体表胃电图波形，新生儿出生后第1~28天餐前的正常胃电节律为（38. 2±4.9）%～（39.7±3.5）%，胃动过速节律为（23.7±5.4）%～（23.5±4.3）%，胃动过缓节律为（38.1±5.5）%～（36.8±3.9）%，不同年龄时期餐前与餐后相比无明显差别（P>0.05）。新生儿出生后第1~28天餐前主频为2.38±0.5 cpm～2.59±0.1 cpm ，餐后与餐前相比差异无显著性（P>0.05），第14，21，28天餐前、餐后的主频较第1，7天高(P<0.05)；生后第21，28天餐前、餐后的主频不稳定系数较第1，7，14天低(P<0.05)，餐后与餐前相比差异无显著性（P>0.05），生后第1～28天餐后餐前功率比差异无显著性（P>0.05）。结论：健康新生儿的胃电图参数与健康成人、儿童明显不同，胃电主频、正常胃电节律百分比较低，胃电主频随年龄增长逐渐升高。［中国当代儿科杂志，2007，9（4）：364-366］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the electrogastrogram (EGG) characteristics of healthy neonates. Methods: Twenty healthy neonates born at 37-39 weeks of gestation (11 males and 9 females, Apagar's score 9.3±0.4) were enrolled in this study. EGG recordings were performed for half an hour pre- and postprandially at an interval of a week from birth until age 4 weeks. The EEG variables measured included the percentage of normal gastric rhythm, the percentage of tachygastria and bradygastria, the fed-to-fasting ratio of the EEG dominant power, as well as the EEG dominant frequency and its instability coefficient. The paired sample t test (95% CI) was used to compare the recordings. RESULTS: Between birth and age 28 days, the percentage of normal gastric rhythm ranged from 38.2±4.9% to 39.7±3.5% of recorded time, tachygastria was observed in the range of 23.7±5.4% to 23.5±4.3% of recorded time, and bradygastria was shown to be in the range of 38.1±5.5% to 36.8±3.9% of recorded time in the 20 neonates before meal. Statistically significant differences were not seen in neonates with different ages as well as during pre- and postprandial periods. The EEG dominant frequency of neonates before meal was 2.38±0.5, 2.43±0.2, 2.54±0.3, 2.57±0.2 and 2.59±0.1 cpm at birth and at postnatal age of 7, 14, 21 and 28 days respectively. There were no significant differences in the dominant frequency and the coefficient of instability of the dominant frequency during pre- and postprandial periods. The EEG dominant frequency at postnatal age of 14, 21 and 28 days during pre- and postprandial periods was significantly higher than that at birth and at postnatal age of 7 days (P<0.05). The coefficient of instability of the dominant frequency at postnatal age of 21 and 28 days was significantly lower than that at birth and at postnatal age of 7 and 14 days (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the fed-to-fasting ratio of EGG dominant power in neonates with different ages. CONCLUSIONS: The pattern of electrical activity in the normal neonatal stomach appears to be different from that demonstrated in adults and children. The percentage of normal gastric rhythm is lower, and tachygastria and bradygastria are more frequently seen. The EEG dominant frequency increases with postnatal age in neonates.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2007, 9 (4):364-366］