844名青春期学生情感虐待发生危险因素分析

Risk factors for emotional abuse in 844 adolescents

摘要:

目的：对青春期学生在过去一年内情感虐待发生的危险因素进行调查，为预防并干预情感虐待的发生提供科学有效的理论依据及建议。方法：以哈尔滨市的某3所学校的初一、初二、初三年级的865名学生作为调查对象，采用无记名自填式问卷调查，共获得有效问卷844份。结果：844名被调查者中在过去一年内有情感虐待经历的占47.3%。单因素分析显示情感虐待与学生本人健康状况、父母婚姻状况、家庭气氛等19个因素有关。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示：儿童健康状况不良、父母婚姻状况不良，干涉型教育方式及盲从型教育方式是发生情感虐待的危险因素，而家庭气氛融洽以及儿童与父母亲的关系融洽是情感虐待发生的保护性因素。结论：青春期学生的情感虐待现象普遍存在，其发生与学生的健康状况、父母的婚姻状况、不良的家庭教育方式密切相关。应完善家庭功能，改变传统教育观念，提高家庭教育能力，为儿童营造宽松和谐的学习生活环境。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: Emotional abuse and neglect is an under-recognized, but is a common form of child abuse. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for emotional abuse in adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey on emotional abuse was conducted by anonymous self-administered questionnaire in 865 adolescents randomly sampled from three junior schools in Harbin City. A total of 844 valid questionnaires were received. Risk factors were studied by multivariate non-conditional regression analysis. RESULTS: Over the past year, 47.3% of the 844 respondents suffered from emotional abuse. Monovariate regression analysis indicated that emotional abuse was related to 19 factors, including children′s health status, parental marital status, parental educational levels, family rearing patterns, family atmosphere and so on. Multivariate regression analysis showed poor children's health status (OR=1.877, P=0.001), bad parental marital status (OR=1.768, P=0.004), and unjustifiable family rearing patterns [ over-interference (OR=3.004, P=0.006) and assentation (OR=5.430, P=0.032) ] were risk factors for the occurrence of emotional abuse. The harmonious family atmosphere and the harmonious relations between children and their parents were protective factors for emotional abuse. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of emotional abuse is high in adolescents. Poor children's health status, bad parental marital status and unjustifiable family rearing patterns are risk factors for the occurrence of emotional abuse.