金黄色葡萄球菌成人与儿童感染株体外抗菌活性的比较

Comparison of the antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from children and adults in vitro

摘要:

目的：了解金黄色葡萄球菌(简称金葡菌)的成人感染株与儿童感染株在体外抗菌活性的差异。方法：采用血浆凝固酶、金葡菌单克隆抗体及Vitek-32型仪进行菌株鉴定，纸片琼脂扩散法(K-B法)对84株儿童感染株及74株成人感染株进行药物敏感性试验，耐甲氧西林金葡菌（MRSA）的检测采用头孢西丁纸片法。结果：成人感染株与儿童感染株的MRSA发生率分别为47%和8%，两者之间差异有显著性(P<0.01)；所有菌株对万古霉素敏感，所有儿童感染株对夫西地酸敏感；成人感染株与儿童感染株对头孢唑啉、头孢呋辛、头孢西丁、庆大霉素及左氧氟沙星的耐药率差异有显著性（P<0.01）。结论：金葡菌成人感染株较儿童感染株耐药和多重耐药性严重，临床医生应针对不同感染人群合理使用抗菌药物。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（12）：961-963］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the differences of the antimicrobial-resistant profiles between the isolates of Staphylococci aureu from children and from adults. METHODS: Staphylococci was identified by the plasma coagulase test，Staphylococci monoclonal antibody and VITEK-32 fully automated microbiology analyzer．Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done by the K-B disk diffusion for 84 Staphylococci isolates from children and 74 Staphylococci isolates from adults. Cefoxitin was used for detecting methillicin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by the disk diffusion test．RESULTS: Seven (8%) MRSA isolates were found in Staphylococci isolates from children compared with 35 MRSA isolates (47%) in those from adults (P<0.01). All strains were susceptible to vancomycin． All strains from children were susceptible to fusidic acid．The resistant rates of the isolates from children to cefazolin, cefuroxime, gentamicin, cefoxitin, and levofloxacin were significantly lower than those from adults (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The antimicrobial resistance of the Staphylococcus aureus isolates from adults is more prevalent than that in the isolates from children．［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (12):910-912］