早产儿院内感染危险因素及病原学分析

Risk factors and pathogens of nosocomial infection in preterm infants

摘要:

目的：分析早产儿院内感染发生的高危因素及病原学特点。方法：对197例早产儿院内感染情况进行回顾性分析。结果：住院早产儿院内感染发生率为22.2％(197/887)。胎龄小、低出生体重、机械通气治疗、延迟喂养是早产儿发生院内感染的重要高危因素。肺炎克雷伯菌在院内感染中占据首位(22.3%)，其次为葡萄球菌(18.4%)。结论：对胎龄小、低出生体重的早产儿应强调以洗手为中心的消毒隔离制度，尽量减少侵入性操作，尽早开始胃肠道喂养，以减少早产儿院内感染的发生。肺炎克雷伯菌是早产儿院内感染的主要病原菌。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（12）：980-982］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors and the pathogens of nosocomial infection in preterm infants. METHODS: The medical data of 197 preterm infants with nosocomial infection were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: The incidence of nosocomial infection was 22.2% (197/887). Small gestational age (OR=4.125, P<0.05), low birth weight (OR=5.450, P<0.05), mechanical ventilation therapy (OR=4.435, P<0.05) and delayed enteral feedings (OR=3.765, P<0.05) were found to be important risk factors for nosocomial infection. Klebsiella was the main pathogen (22.3%), followed by Staphylococcus (18.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Hygienic handwashing, decreasing invassive procedures and an early start of enteral feeding are crucial for preventing nosocomal infection in preterm infants. Klebsiella is the main pathogen of nosocomal infections［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (12):980-982］