湖南省中小学生精神障碍患病率调查

Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in primary and middle school students in Hunan Province

摘要:

目的：了解湖南省中小学生精神障碍的患病情况。方法：采用分层整群抽样方法及二阶段流行病学调查方法,应用儿童精神障碍筛查表及半定式访谈,以DSM-IV 为诊断标准调查湖南省9 495名5～17岁中小学生的精神健康状况。结果：精神障碍总时点患病率16.22%；注意力缺陷及破坏性行为障碍是最常见的类别（10.69%），注意缺陷多动障碍以5.95%的时点患病率在32种精神障碍中居首位；男生总患病率显著高于女生（20.49% vs 11.16%，P<0.01），尤其是注意力缺陷及破坏性行为障碍（14.76% vs 5.87%，P<0.01）；中学组（12~17岁）患病率高于小学组（5~11岁）（18.38% vs 14.64%，P<0.01）；城乡儿童患病率差异无显著性。结论：当前儿童精神障碍在湖南省中小学生中患病率不低；男生患病率高于女生，中学生高于小学生。［中国当代儿科杂志，2010，12（2）：123-127］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a representative sample of primary and middle school students in Hunan Province. MethodsA total of 9 495 children aged 5-17 years from Hunan urban and rural schools were enrolled by a cluster sampling and a two-phase design. The students’ psychiatric status was assessed using the Investigation Screening Inventory for Child Mental Disorder and a semi-structured interview designed based on the DSM-IV criteria. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 16.22%. Attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders were the commonest in the diagnostic categories of psychiatric disorders (10.69%). Regarding specific disorders, the most prevalent was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (5.95%). Psychiatric disorders were more prevalent in boys than in girls (20.49% vs 11.16%; P<0.01). The prevalence of attention-deficit and disruptive behavior disorders in boys was higher than in girls (14.76% vs 5.87%; P<0.01). The prevalence of psychiatric disorders in middle school students (12-17 years) was significantly higher than in primary students (5-11 years) (18.38% vs 14.64%; P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the prevalence of psychiatric disorders between urban and rural students. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric disorders are common among primary and middle school students in Hunan Province. The prevalence of this disorder in boys is higher than in girls. The middle school students have higher prevalence than primary students.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (2):123-127］