NICU住院患儿家属焦虑情绪的调查研究

Investigation on anxiety state of NICU newborn babies' family members

摘要:

目的：通过调查了解新生儿重症监护室（NICU）住院患儿家属的焦虑状况，分析影响其产生焦虑情绪的因素，便于临床采取相应的应对策略进行指导。方法：采用自行设计的一般情况调查问卷收集NICU 200名住院患儿家属的相关信息，用成人焦虑自评量表(SAS)对他们进行焦虑情绪的调查。结果：与国内常模37.23±0.58相比，NICU住院患儿家属的焦虑情绪评分（44.86±7.59），明显高于国内常模（P<0.05)。家属的焦虑情绪评分与患儿的病情、自身的文化程度、家庭经济状况有关，也与家庭地域来源（城市或乡村）有关。患儿的病情重，家属的焦虑情绪评分高；文化程度高的家属焦虑情绪评分高于文化程度低的家属；家庭经济状况差，家属的焦虑情绪评分高；来自农村的家属焦虑情绪评分高于城市的家属，差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：NICU住院患儿家属存在明显的焦虑情绪，且焦虑情绪评分与患儿的病情、家属自身的文化程度、家庭经济状况及家庭地域来源等有关。NICU医护人员除需对患儿进行救治外，还需加强与家属的沟通，对他们多一些人文关怀。［中国当代儿科杂志，2010，12（5）：354-356］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the anxiety state of family members of newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and investigate the influencing factors of their anxiety state. METHODS: The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the associated family information of 200 newborns who were admitted to the NICU. A self-rating anxiety scale was applied to investigate the anxiety state of the newborns' family members. Results: The anxiety score of the newborns' family members averaged 44.86±7.59, which was significantly higher than that of domestic norm of adult (37.23±0.58; P<0.05). The differences of the family members' anxiety score were related to the severity of baby's diseases, their educational level and family's economic condition as well as the locality of the family (countryside or city). The more severe the baby's illnes, the higher anxiety score of the family members had. The family members with higher educational levels or poorer economic conditions had higher anxiety scores. The anxiety score of the family members from the countryside was higher than that of the family members from city. Conclusions: The family members of NICU newborns have obvious anxiety. The degree of anxiety is associated with the severity of baby's illness, educational level of the family member, family's economic condition and the family locality (countryside or city). These results remind the medical staff working in the NICU should pay more attention to communicating with the family members in a compassionate way and help them to cope with this stressful situation.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (5):354-356］