左乙拉西坦、丙戊酸钠、苯巴比妥预防大鼠反复热性惊厥疗效观察

Prophylactic efficacy of levetiracetam, valproate or phenobarbital on febrile convulsions in rats

摘要:

目的：比较左乙拉西坦、丙戊酸钠、苯巴比妥对大鼠反复热性惊厥的预防作用的差异，指导临床选药。方法：60只Wistar大鼠，随机分为4组，分别每日灌服左乙拉西坦（200 mg/kg）、丙戊酸钠（250 mg/kg）、苯巴比妥（30 mg/kg）及生理盐水（8 mL/kg）。连续灌服5 d后，用热水浴（45℃）诱导热性惊厥，观察其热性惊厥潜伏期、惊厥持续时间、惊厥严重程度改变情况。结果：大鼠用药后，3个药物干预组惊厥潜伏期延长、惊厥持续时间缩短，惊厥严重程度也明显减轻，与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05或0.01），其中苯巴比妥组惊厥持续时间最短，惊厥严重程度最轻；左乙拉西坦组与丙戊酸钠组差异无统计学意义。结论：左乙拉西坦与丙戊酸钠、苯巴比妥比较均能有效预防大鼠反复热性惊厥，其中苯巴比妥疗效较好，左乙拉西坦与丙戊酸钠疗效无差异。［中国当代儿科杂志，2010，12（7）：573-575］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the prophylatic efficacy of levetiracetam, valproate and phenobarbital on febrile convulsions in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly administered with levetiracetam (200 mg/kg), valproate (250 mg/kg), phenobarbital (30 mg/kg) or normal saline (8 ml/kg) for 5 days. Five days later, febrile convulsions were induced by hyperthermal bath (45℃). The latency, duration and the severity of seizures were observed. RESULTS: In all the three drug-treated groups, the latency was significantly prolonged, and the duration and the severity of seizures were notably reduced compared with the saline group（P< 0.05 or 0.01）. The phenobarbital group had the shortest duration of seizures and the least severe seizures among the three drug-treated groups. There were no significant differences between the levetiracetam and valproate groups. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous administration of levetiracetam, valproate or phenobarbital is effective in preventing recurrent febrile convulsions in rats. Phenobarbital appears to be more effective than levetiracetam and valproate. There were no significant differences in the prophylactic efficacy between levetiracetam and valproate.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):573-575］