学龄儿童支气管哮喘危险因素的调查

Risk factors for bronchial asthma in school children

摘要:

目的：探讨居住环境和饮食习惯对学龄儿童哮喘发生的影响，为临床提供指导。方法：选择符合儿童支气管哮喘诊断标准的129 名6~12岁学龄儿童为研究对象（哮喘组），选择258名年龄和性别匹配的健康儿童为对照，同时填写包括居住环境和饮食习惯等共 23 个因素的呼吸道过敏性疾病调查问卷。结果：Logistic回归分析显示，在16个居住环境因素中，以前是否饲养宠物、地板类型、枕头类型、被子类型、取暖装置、房屋面积等6个因素进入回归方程，而7个饮食习惯因素均没有进入回归方程。结论：居住环境在儿童支气管哮喘的发生中起着重要作用，加强对居住环境的控制，有助于降低儿童支气管哮喘的发生率。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the roles of the residential environment and eating habits in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in school children. METHODS: One hundred and twentynine children between 6-12 years who were diagnosed with asthma were enrolled. Two hundred and fifty-eight healthy age- and gender-matched children were used as the control group. A questionaire which included 23 factors related to respiratory tract anaphylactic diseases such as residential environment and eating habits were completed by the children′s parents. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that 6 variances out of 16 agents of the residential environment, the experience of raising pets, the type of floor, the type of pillow, the type of quilts, the heating equipments and the house area, were entered into the regression equation; none of the 7 variances of eating inhabits was entered into it. CONCLUSIONS: The residential environment plays an impotent role in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma in children. The incidence of bronchial asthma in children can be reduced by the improvement of the residential environment.