新生儿动脉导管未闭的高危因素分析

Risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus in neonates

摘要:

目的：探讨新生儿动脉导管未闭（patent ductus arteriosus，PDA）的高危因素，为PDA的预防提供临床依据。方法：以50例PDA新生儿为病例组，100例非PDA新生儿为对照组，采用χ2检验、t检验或直线相关分析对两组患儿的临床资料进行分析，采用logistic回归分析研究PDA的独立危险因素。结果：PDA的发生与胎龄（r=-0.03，P＜0.05）、出生体重（r=－0.04，P＜0.05）呈负相关。出生时吸氧治疗为保护因素。宫内窘迫、羊水粪染、羊水过少、脐带绕颈、1 min Apgar评分＜8分、母孕期感染、合并缺氧缺血性脑病是新生儿PDA的独立高危因素。结论：避免母孕期感染、早产、低出生体重、缺氧的发生，有利于减少PDA的发生。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To identify the risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in neonates. METHODS: Fifty infants with PDA and 100 infants without PDA were enrolled. Chi-square test, Student′s t test and the linear correlation analysis were used to study the clinical data. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the independent risk factors for PDA. RESULTS: The prevalence of PDA was negatively correlated with the gestation age (r=-0.03, P<0.05) and birth weight (r=-0.04, P<0.05). Oxygen inhalation was a protective factor for the development of PDA. Fetal distress, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, oligohydramnios, cord entanglement, 1 minute Apgar score<8, maternal infection and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy were the independent risk factors for the development of PDA. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PDA can be reduced by preventing maternal infection, premature birth, low birth weight and hypoxia.