2005年中南地区产科新生儿流行病学调查

An epidemiologic investigation of newborns from obstetric departments in the central south region of China

摘要:

目的：通过对我国中南地区城市医院分娩的新生儿的调查，了解我国中南地区新生儿出生情况。方法：抽取我国中南地区的23所医院进行调查。回顾性调查了2005年1月1日至同年12月31日期间出生的产科住院新生儿15582名。结果：（1）新生儿男女性别比为1.16∶1；（2）早产儿发生率为8.11%；（3）极低出生体重儿发生率为0.73%；（4）分娩方式：自然分娩占57.52%，剖宫产占40.82%（其中因社会因素剖宫产占29.91%），其他产式占1.66%；（5）新生儿窒息发生率为3.78%，其中重度窒息占0.75 %；（6）新生儿死亡率为0.55%，其中早产儿死亡率为5.56%。结论：（1）我国中南地区早产儿发生率和新生儿窒息发生率均较高；（2）我国中南地区剖宫产比例较高，尤其是社会因素所占的比例过高。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the birth information of newborn infants from obstetric departments in the Central South Region of China. METHODS: A retrospective investigation was carried out in 15582 newborns from obstetric departments of 23 hospitals in the Central South Region of China between January 1 and December 31 of 2005. RESULTS: The sex ratio (male/female) of neonates was 1.16∶1. The proportion of preterm infants was 8.11%. The very low birth weight infants accounted for 0.73%. The neonates born by spontaneous labor accounted for 57.52%. Cesarean sections accounted for 40.82% (social factor of cesarean section: 29.91%). The incidence of neonatal asphyxia was 3.78%, in which 0.75% of the cases were severe asphyxia. The mortality of newborn infants was 0.55%, in which the mortality of preterm infants was 5.56%. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of preterm infants and the incidence of neonatal asphyxia is high in the Central South Region of China. The proportion of births delivered by cesarean section is high, and social factors are probably responsible for the high rate.