不同分级的呼吸窘迫综合征早产儿围生期状况分析

Perinatal conditions of preterm infants with different severities of respiratory distress syndrome

摘要:

目的：对不同分级的呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）早产儿的围生期状况进行分析，以了解与RDS严重程度相关的高危因素。方法：667例早产RDS患儿根据胸片显示的分级结果分为4个组别，1级217例， 2级225例， 3级126例，4级99例，对各组围生期情况进行回顾性分析。结果：分级不同的RDS早产儿在性别、双胎、双胎之小所占的比例、母亲年龄、产前糖皮质激素应用、有无胎膜早破/胎盘早剥、受孕与分娩方式等方面的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但随着RDS分级的加重，患儿出生体重和胎龄在减小，而Apgar评分≤7分的患儿比例及母亲患妊娠高血压疾病的比例在逐渐增大，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：RDS的分级主要与早产程度、出生体重、围生期窒息等高危因素有关。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To understand the risk factors for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) by comparing the perinatal conditions of preterm infants with different severities of RDS. METHODS: A total of 667 preterm infants with RDS were classified into 4 groups according to the chest X-ray severity: grade I (217 cases), grade II (225 cases), grade III (126 cases) and grade IV (99 cases). The perinatal conditions of the preterm infants were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the gender, the percentage of twins, the percentage of the younger one in twins, maternal age, the percentage of using antenatal corticosteroids, the percentage of premature rupture of membranes, the percentage of placental abruption, the delivery mode and the fertilization mode in preterm infants with different severities of RDS. With the increasing severity of RDS, the birth weight and the gestational age decreased, and the percentage of the infants with Apgar score ≤7 or maternal pregnancy-induced hypertension increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The severity of RDS is related to gestational age, birth weight and perinatal asphyxia in preterm infants.