早产婴儿骨密度及其影响因素分析

Factors influencing the bone mineral density in preterm infants

摘要:

目的：了解早产儿骨矿发育的情况及影响因素。方法：随机选取儿保门诊随访的早产儿与足月儿各90例，采用定量超声技术测量6月龄时（早产儿为纠正胎龄6月龄）的胫骨骨密度，结果以超声波声速度（SOS）值和Z值表示；同时采用回顾性问卷调查影响骨矿发育的相关因素。结果：足月儿6月龄的SOS值和Z值明显高于纠正胎龄6月龄的早产儿。在早产儿组中，不同出生体重、胎龄婴儿的SOS值和Z值，不同断母乳时间婴儿的SOS值差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；早产儿女婴的Z值明显高于男性婴儿，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示，断母乳时间及每天户外活动时间是早产婴儿SOS值的影响因素。结论：适时断母乳或延长每天户外活动时间可能有利于促进早产婴儿骨矿发育。

Abstract:

OBIECTIVE: To study the bone mineral development and the factors influencing the development in preterm infants. METHODS: Ninety preterm and 90 term infants followed up by the child health care service were randomly enrolled. Tibia quantitative ultrasound measurements were used to evaluate bone mineral density described as supersonic speed of sound (SOS) and Z scores at 6 months old (corrected gestational age for preterm infants). The factors influencing bone mineral development were investigated by questionnaire. RESULTS: The SOS values and Z scores in term infants were significantly higher than those in preterm infants at 6 months old. In the preterm group, the SOS values and Z scores were significantly different in infants with different birth weights or gestational ages (P<0.05). The SOS values in preterm infants with different weaning time were significantly different. The Z scores in female preterm infants were significantly higher than that in males (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis indicated that weaning time and daily time of outdoor activities were independent factors influencing SOS values in preterm infants. CONCLUSIONS: It is helpful to promote bone mineral development by an appropriate weaning time or increasing the time of outdoor activities in preterm infants.