男性青少年犯罪的社会心理因素研究

Social-psychological factors contributing to male juvenile delinquency

摘要:

目的：探讨影响男性青少年犯罪的社会心理因素。方法：采用青少年生活事件量表、应付方式量表、家庭环境量表、社会支持量表对137例男性少年犯及145例正常对照进行问卷调查。结果：单因素分析显示犯罪青少年负性生活事件总分及部分因子得分、不成熟的应付方式、家庭的矛盾性得分及家庭破裂的比例均高于对照组，而在受教育程度、负性生活事件中学习压力、成熟的应付方式、家庭环境的部分因子、社会支持上得分均低于对照组，两组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素逐步判别分析发现，共7个因素进入判别方程，分别为负性生活事件（人际关系、健康适应）、自责型应付方式、家庭环境的矛盾性、客观支持、主观支持、对支持的利用度；方程式总正确率为92.2%。结论：人际关系及适应上的负性生活事件，自责的应付方式，家庭环境的矛盾及社会支持系统薄弱是男性青少年犯罪的主要社会心理因素。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the major social-psychological factors contributing to male juvenile delinquency. METHODS: One hundred and thirty-seven cases of male juvenile delinquents (delinquent group) and 145 aged-matched male students (control group) were enrolled in this case-control study. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, the Coping Style Questionnaire, the Family Environment Scale-Chinese version, and the Social Support Rating Scale. RESULTS: The monovariate analysis showed that the total score and the scores of some factors of negative life events, the scores of immature coping styles and family conflicts, and the proportion of broken families in the delinquent group were significantly higher than those in the control group. In contrast, the scores of educational levels, study stress factor in the negative life events, mature coping styles, family environments and social supports were significantly lower in the delinquent group than those in the control group. The multivariate factors analysis showed that 7 variables were enrolled into the discriminatory equations, including negative life events (interpersonal relationship and healthy adaptation), self-condemn styles, family conflicts, subjective supports, objective supports, and utilization of social supports. The total accuracy of this equation was 92.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Negative life events in the interpersonal relationship and healthy adaptation, self-condemn styles, family conflicts, and weak social support system may be major social-psychological factors contributing to male juvenile delinquency.