温州地区小学生热性惊厥流行病学调查

An epidemiological survey of febrile convulsions among pupils in the Wenzhou region

摘要:

目的：调查温州地区小学生热性惊厥(febrile convulsion,FC)的患病情况，探讨FC的临床特点。方法：对浙江省温州市区及郊区各2所小学中6406名12岁以下儿童进行问卷调查。结果：6406例学生中有235例患有FC，患病率为3.67%。FC首次发病年龄大部分集中在6个月至3周岁（75.7%），中位年龄为16个月。发作多呈全身性（224例，95.3%)；持续时间多在10 min以内（203例，86.4%）。FC转为癫癎者13例(5.5%)，均为复杂型FC。88例(37.4%)复发，其中38例仅复发1次，50例复发2次以上。200例做了脑电图检查，其中12例表现异常（6.0%）。结论：温州地区小学生FC患病率为3.67%；FC发作多呈全身性，持续时间短；复杂型FC可转变为癫癎。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and clinical features of febrile convulsion (FC) among pupils in the Wenzhou region, Zhejiang Province, China. METHODS: Using a random stratified cluster sampling method, 6406 children under 12 years from two primary schools of urban areas and two primary schools of rural areas were surveyed. RESULTS: The prevalence of FC was 3.67% (235/6406). Most children (75.7%) experienced their first onset of FC at 6 months to 3 years of age (median: 16 months). The seizures were generalized (95.3%, 224/235), with a duration of less than 10 min utes (86.4%, 203/235). FC was developed into epilepsy in 13 children (5.5%) who all sufferred from complex FC. Relapses were noted in 88 cases (37.4%), among whom 38 patients had only 1 recurrence and 50 patients had 2 or more relapses. EEG was performed in 200 cases, among whom 12(6.0%) showed abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of FC is 3.67% among pupils in the Wenzhou region. The seizures are generalized, with a short duration. A part of complex FC can be developed into subsequent epilepsy.