2008~2010年贵阳市手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiologic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guiyang between 2008 and 2010

摘要:

目的：分析2008～2010年贵州省贵阳市手足口病的流行病学特征，为更好地做好手足口病防控提供科学依据。方法：分析对象来源于“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中2008～2010年贵州省贵阳市手足口病报告病例，对其流行病学特征进行描述。结果：2008～2010年贵阳市共报告手足口病病例27383例，发病率从2008年的66.4439/10万上升到2009年的163.9276/10万，再上升到2010年的471.5515/10万（P<0.01）。2010年死亡率为0.1026/10万，较2009年的0.2821/10万明显降低（P<0.05）。发病高峰位于每年4～6月。发病人群主要为5岁以下儿童，其中以3岁以下儿童所占比例最大。2009年检出病原体以人肠道病毒71型（EV71）为主，2010年以柯萨奇病毒A（CoxA16）及其他肠道病毒为主。结论：2008～2010年贵阳市手足口病发病率呈逐年上升趋势，而死亡率逐年降低；发病季节明显；发病人群以5岁以下儿童为主；主要致病菌为EV71、CoxA16及其他肠道病毒。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiologic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Guiyang between 2008 and 2010. METHODS: The epidemiologic characteristics of HFMD were analyzed by descriptive statistical methods based on the data from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: A total of 27383 cases of HFMD were recorded in Guiyang between 2008 and 2010. The incidence of HFMD increased from 66.4439/100000 in 2008 to 163.9276/100000 in 2009 and 471.5515/100000 in 2010 (P<0.01). The mortality rate was 0.1026/100000 in 2010, which was significantly lower than in 2009 (0.2821/100000) (P<0.05). HFMD occurrence showed seasonality and reached a peak between April and June. HFMD cases were commonly noted in children under 5 years old, and especially in children under 3 years old. The main detected pathogen was human enterovirus 71 (EV17) in 2009. Whereas in 2010 the disease was mainly caused by CoxA16 and other intestinal viruses. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of HFMD in Guiyang increased year by year from 2008 to 2010, but the mortality rate decreased year by year. HFMD occurrence showed an obvious seasonality. HFMD was common in children under the age of five. The main pathogens of this disease included EV17, CoxA16 and other intestinal viruses.