川崎病患儿并发冠状动脉病变的危险因素分析

Risk factors for coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease

摘要:

目的：探讨川崎病(KD)并发冠状动脉病变(CAL)的危险因素。方法：收集2006年1月至2012年1月间诊断为KD的527例患儿的临床资料，对15个可能与CAL发生有关的因素进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果：单因素分析显示，患儿年龄、性别、KD类型、大剂量丙种球蛋白（IVIG）治疗起始时间、对IVIG治疗的反应、使用糖皮质激素、发热持续时间及C反应蛋白等因素在合并和未合并CAL两组患儿中差异有统计学意义（P8岁、男性、非典型KD、IVIG治疗开始于发热后10 d 以上、对IVIG治疗无反应、发热持续时间>10 d为CAL发生的独立危险因素（OR分别为2.076、1.890、1.972、1.426、3.251、2.301、1.694，均P8岁）、男性、非典型KD、IVIG治疗起始时间较晚、对IVIG治疗无反应、发热持续时间较长是CAL发生的独立危险因素。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To study risk factors for the development of coronary artery lesions (CAL) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS: The clinical data of 527 children with KD between January 2006 and January 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 15 potential factors associated with occurrence of CAL were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The univariate analysis showed that age, gender, KD type, starting time of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment, response to IVIG treatment, additional treatment with corticosteroids, duration of fever and serum C-reactive protein level were significantly different between patients with and without CAL (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that an age of less than 1 year (OR=2.076, P<0.05) or greater than 8 years (OR=1.890, P<0.05), male sex (OR=1.972, P<0.05), incomplete KD (OR=1.426, P<0.05), delayed starting time of IVIG treatment (10 days after onset) (OR=3.251, P<0.05), no response to IVIG (OR=2.301, P<0.05) and fever duration of more than 10 days (OR=1.694, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for the development of CAL, whereas early starting time of IVIG treatment (before 5 days after onset) was a protective factor (OR=0.248, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of CAL is associated with many factors in children with KD. Age of less than 1 year or greater than 8 years, male sex, incomplete KD, delayed IVIG treatment after onset, no response to IVIG treatment and prolonged fever duration have been identified as risk factors for the development of CAL.