自然灾害后易发的儿科感染性疾病

Common pediatric infectious diseases following natural disasters

摘要:

自然灾害加重了与感染性疾病发生相关的多种危险因素，为感染性疾病的发生创造了条件。该文介绍了自然灾害，尤其是地震后容易发生感染性疾病的危险因素和近年来报道的灾后感染性疾病。震后出现流行的感染性疾病包括腹泻、霍乱、病毒性肝炎、上呼吸道感染、结核、麻疹、钩端螺旋体病、登革热、破伤风、气性坏疽，以及一些少见感染。儿童是易发生感染的人群，儿科医生更需重视自然灾害和感染关系的研究。

Abstract:

Natural disasters may lead to the outbreaks of infectious diseases because they increase the risk factors for infectious diseases. This paper reviews the risk factors for infectious diseases after natural disasters, especially earthquake, and the infectious diseases following disasters reported in recent years. The infectious diseases after earthquake include diarrhea, cholera, viral hepatitis, upper respiratory tract infection, tuberculosis, measles, leptospirosis, dengue fever, tetanus, and gas gangrene, as well as some rare infections. Children are vulnerable to infectious diseases, so pediatricians should pay more attention to the research on relationship between infectious diseases and natural disasters.