重庆城区婴幼儿超重与肥胖状况及影响因素的研究

Prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among infants in Chongqing urban area

摘要:

目的：了解重庆城区婴幼儿超重与肥胖现况及其危险因素，为儿童肥胖早期干预提供依据。方法：采用分层整群抽样的方法，对生后1月龄的2139名儿童进行3、6、9、12和18月龄的生长监测、评估和问卷调查。以18月龄是否超重与肥胖为应变量进行多元回归分析。结果：（1）婴儿超重与肥胖检出率生后前半年增长迅速，6月龄达26.04%，之后逐渐降低，至18个月龄时为15.89%。（2）Logistic回归分析显示父亲营养状况、儿童出生时、6月龄、9月龄和12月龄的营养状况、3月龄喂养方式、12月龄蔬菜进食频次、18月龄甜饮料添加频次以及18月龄上床时间共9个因素与18月龄儿童超重与肥胖显著相关。结论：重庆城区婴幼儿超重与肥胖现状突出，存在多种因素共同作用，应给予早期综合干预。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among infants in Chongqing urban area, and to provide a basis for early intervention in cases of childhood obesity. METHODS: A total of 2139 infants aged one month were selected by stratified cluster sampling. They underwent growth monitoring and evaluation at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after birth. Meanwhile, related factors were investigated using a standardized questionnaire. The data was subjected to multiple logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors for overweight and obesity among infants aged 18 months. RESULTS: The detection rate of overweight and obesity increased rapidly after birth, reaching 26.04% at six months, and then decreased gradually, reaching 15.89% at 18 months. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed nine variable factors that were significantly correlated with overweight and obesity among infants aged 18 months, including nutritional status of the father, nutritional status of the infants at birth and at 6, 9 and 12 months after birth, feeding patterns at 3 months, frequency of vegetable intake at 12 months, frequency of sweet beverage addition at 18 months, and bedtime at 18 months. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are prevalent among infants in Chongqing urban area, and these conditions are affected by multiple factors. Early comprehensive intervention is recommended to curb prevalence.