新生儿败血症诊断新进展

Recent progress in the diagnosis of neonatal septicemia

摘要:

新生儿败血症（septicemia）是新生儿时期主要致死病因之一。国外常以发病时间为界将新生儿败血症分为早发型和晚发型。西方发达国家早发型败血症常见致病菌为B组链球菌和大肠杆菌，晚发型败血症则以凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌最常见，这与国内情况有一定差异。新生儿败血症临床表现不典型，常易被漏诊和误诊。本文主要对病原菌培养、外周血象、各种细胞因子、脐带血等新生儿败血症相关检查研究进展进行综述，为新生儿败血症早期诊治提供帮助。

Abstract:

Neonatal septicemia is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide during the neonatal period. It can be classified into two subtypes: early-onset sepsis (EOS) and late-onset sepsis (LOS) depending upon the time of onset. In the western developed countries, group B Streptococcal and Escherichia coli are leading pathogens for EOS, while the most frequent microorganism involved in LOS is coagulase negative Staphylococci, which are different from the domestic data. Clinical manifestations of neonatal septicemia are not specific, so that it is often misdiagnosed. This review describes the progress in diagnostic methods for neonatal septicemia, including blood culture, blood cell counts, cytokine profiles and umbilical cord blood examinations. It provides useful information for early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal septicemia.