重庆市城区婴幼儿饮食行为干预效果观察

Effect of eating behavior intervention on infants in the urban area of Chongqing, China

摘要:

目的：探讨如何利用儿保门诊为婴幼儿建立良好的饮食行为，纠正不良饮食习惯，以促进婴幼儿的生长发育。方法：在重庆市城区随机抽取0~3月龄婴儿作为研究对象，干预组接受本研究的所有干预措施，对照组按常规保健服务，定期监测两组婴幼儿的食物引入时间、各种辅食的添加频次及不健康食物的进食频次等饮食行为的指标变化判断干预效果。结果：干预组婴儿食物引入时间较为合理（P＜0.01），9月龄及12月龄进食肉类、蔬菜、水果的频率较高（P＜0.01），进食甜饮料的频率较低（P＜0.05）；干预组18月龄及24月龄幼儿进食甜饮料的频率显著低于对照组（P＜0.01），24月龄幼儿进食冰激凌的频率低于对照组（P＜0.01）。结论：饮食行为干预可促进婴幼儿合理引入食物，规律添加辅食，降低不健康食物如甜饮料及冰激凌的进食频率，从而有效改善婴幼儿的饮食行为。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate how to establish good eating behavior and correct bad eating habits in infants by means of the child health care outpatient clinic and to promote the growth and development of infants. METHODS: Infants aged 0-3 months, who were randomly selected from the urban area of Chongqing, were divided into intervention and control groups. The infants in the intervention group received all intervention measures in the study, while those in the control group received conventional health care. Both groups were subjected to regular monitoring of eating behavior indices including time of introduction of foods, frequency of adding complementary foods and intake frequency of unhealthy foods to analyze the effect of intervention. RESULTS: In the intervention group, foods were introduced at a reasonable time (P<0.01). Compared with those in the control group, the children aged 9 and 12 months in the intervention group had a significantly higher intake frequency of meat, vegetables and fruits (P<0.01) and a significantly lower intake frequency of sweet drinks (P<0.05), children aged 18 and 24 months in the intervention group had a significantly lower intake frequency of sweet drinks (P<0.01), and the children aged 24 months in the intervention group had a significantly lower intake frequency of ice cream (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Eating behavior intervention can promote the proper introduction of foods and regular addition of supplementary foods, as well as decrease the intake frequency of unhealthy foods such as sweet drinks and ice cream, thus improving the eating behavior of infants.