合肥市儿童哮喘的危险因素分析

Risk factors for asthma in children in Hefei, China

摘要:

目的：调查合肥市儿童哮喘的危险因素,提出该地区下一步哮喘的防治策略。方法：抽取400名确诊为哮喘的患儿，同时选取400名年龄、性别、生活环境、家庭背景等与之相匹配的非呼吸系统疾病患儿作为对照进行病例对照研究，填写问卷调查表，采用logistic单因素及多因素分析哮喘危险因素。结果：Logistic单因素及多因素分析均显示过敏性家族史、过敏性鼻炎、婴儿湿疹、非母乳喂养、空调通风、被动吸烟是儿童哮喘发病的危险因素，其OR值依次为9.63、7.56、4.58、2.16、1.71、1.55。结论：为了减少哮喘的发生，应该倡导母乳喂养，坚持户外活动，保持室内通风，杜绝被动吸烟，积极治疗过敏性鼻炎。

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors for asthma in children in Hefei, China and to provide a strategy for asthma control in this region. METHODS: A total of 400 children with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma, as well as 400 children of comparable age, sex, living environment, and family background, who had no respiratory diseases, were selected for a case-control study. A survey questionnaire survey was completed for all children. The obtained data were subjected to univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors for asthma. RESULTS: The logistic regression analysis showed that a family history of allergy, allergic rhinitis, infantile eczema, no breastfeeding, air-conditioning and passive smoking were the risk factors for asthma in children, with odds ratios of 9.63, 7.56, 4.58, 2.16, 1.73, and 1.55 respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In order to reduce the incidence of asthma, we should advocate breast feeding, promote outdoor activities, keep ventilation natural, prevent passive smoking and cure allergic rhinitis.