儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的新思考

Helicobacter pylori infection in children：a new focus

摘要:

幽门螺杆菌（Hp）是具有高感染率的慢性感染性致病菌。Hp 感染了全球半数以上的人口，大部分成人Hp 感染在儿童期获得。虽然儿童患消化性溃疡并不多见，但是Hp 感染是儿童消化性溃疡的主要病因，并与儿童慢性胃炎、消化不良、慢性腹泻和复发性腹痛等的发病密切相关。Hp 感染还可能参与某些胃肠外的疾病，如儿童营养性缺铁性贫血、生长发育迟缓、营养不良、特发性自体免疫性血小板减少性紫癜、慢性荨麻疹等的发生、发展过程，并与成年后的动脉粥样硬化相关心脑血管疾病、某些神经系统疾病等有关。Hp 感染可给儿童一生的健康带来极大的危害，也会带来许多经济社会问题。该文针对儿童Hp 感染流行病学、胃Hp 感染与口腔Hp 的相关性、Hp 感染的检测方法及Hp 预防与治疗等的进展予以综述。

Abstract:

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a high prevalence of chronic infectious pathogens, though not necessarily lead to symptoms, but it can affect the immune system. More than of the world's population harbors the bacterium, and most adult Hp infection was obtained in childhood. Hp infection is a major cause of peptic ulcer, although children rarely suffer from peptic ulcer disease. Hp infection is closely related to chronic gastritis, dyspepsia, chronic diarrhea and recurrent abdominal pain in children. In recent years, Hp infection may also participate in some of non-digestive diseases, such as children's nutritional iron deficiency anemia, growth retardation, malnutrition, autoimmune idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic urticaria, as well as the development of adult atherosclerosis-related cardiovascular diseases and some nervous system diseases. Hp infection can be a lifetime issues of children. Hp infection of children will bring many socio-economic problems. In this paper, the correlation of Hp infection in stomach and oral cavity, and diagnostic technology, prevention as well as treatment strategies for Hp infection will be discussed.