关注早产儿的营养与健康—国际早产儿喂养共识解读

Attention to nutrition and health of preterm infants：interpretation of The Global Consensus for Feeding the Preterm Infant

摘要:

国际早产儿喂养共识发表在2013 年Journal of Pediatrics 第3 期增刊上，其内容涵盖了不同胎龄早产儿的能量、蛋白质、脂类和其他营养素的需求、早产儿生长的评估、早产儿母乳喂养、晚期早产儿和出院后早产儿的喂养推荐、小于胎龄儿的营养管理、重新认识围产期维生素A 和维生素D 的重要性、益生元与益生菌、免疫营养对肠黏膜防御机能的作用、早产儿喂养与远期代谢与心血管疾病等。共识的主要特点是：（1）以改善预后为目标，重视远期结局；（2）以胎龄为基础，个体化的营养策略；（3）以科学为依据，共识与争议并存。

Abstract:

The Global Consensus for Feeding the Preterm Infant was published in the Journal of Pediatrics 3 supplement, 2013. The content of the consensus includes recommended nutrient intake for different gestational age preterm infants, identifying appropriate growth curves, the use of breast milk, nutritional recommendations for the latepreterm infant and the preterm infant after hospital discharge, nutritional requirements and feeding recommendations for small gestation age infants, reconsideration of the importance of vitamin A and vitamin D for immature infants, recommendations for immunonutrients, and the association of feeding of preterm infants with later metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes. The main characteristics of the consensus: (1) aimed to improve prognosis; (2) individualized nutritional strategy based on gestational ages; (3) coexistence of consensus and controversy in feeding of preterm infants.