儿童副流感病毒感染与气候因素的相关性研究

Association between parainfluenza virus infection and climatic factors in children

摘要:

目的探讨儿童急性呼吸道副流感病毒(HPIV)感染与气候因素的相关性。方法收集2011~2013年上海市嘉定区南翔医院儿科门诊就诊的急性呼吸道感染儿童咽拭子标本2526例,一步多重PCR法检测HPIV;同时收集2011~2013年南翔地区月平均气温、月平均湿度、月降雨量等有关气象资料,采用Spearman或Pearson检验研究HPIV检出率与气候因素的相关性。结果 3年间HPIV总检出率为5.62%(142/2526),其中HPIV-1检出率最高(46.5%),其次为HPIV-3(31.0%)、HPIV-2(17.6%)和HPIV-4(4.9%)。HPIV-1和HPIV-2在不同季节间的检出率差异均有统计学意义,均以夏季检出率最高;HPIV阳性率与月平均气温(r=0.598, P<0.01)及月降雨量(rs=0.602, P<0.01)呈正相关。结论儿童HPIV活性与气候因素相关,气温和降雨量对HPIV的流行活性影响较大。

Abstract:

Objective To study the association between acute respiratory human parainfluenza virus (HPIV) infection and climatic factors in children. Methods A total of 2526 throat swab samples were collected from children with acute respiratory infection who visited the Pediatric Clinic of Shanghai Jiading Nanxiang Hospital between 2011 and 2013. HPIV was detected by multiplex RT-PCR. Related meteorological data were collected, including monthly mean temperature, monthly mean humidity, and monthly total rainfall. The association between HPIV detection rate and climatic factors was analyzed by Spearman's or Pearson test. Results During the three years, the overall HPIV detection rate was 5.62% (142/2526), and HPIV-1 was the most common type (46.5%), followed by HPIV-3(31.0%), HPIV-2(17.6%), and HPIV-4(4.9%). There were significant differences in the detection rates of HPIV-1 and HPIV-2 in different seasons, and the detection rates of both were the highest in summer (P<0.05). HPIV positive rate was positively correlated with monthly mean temperature (r=0.598; P<0.01) and monthly total rainfall (rs=0.602; P<0.01). Conclusions The activity of HPIV in children is correlated with climatic factors, particularly temperature and rainfall.