新疆维吾尔族儿童1型糖尿病危险因素探讨

Risk factors for type 1 diabetes among Uyghur children in Xinjiang, China

摘要:

目的 探讨新疆维吾尔族儿童1 型糖尿病的危险因素,为有效防治新疆维吾尔族儿童1 型糖尿病,降低其发病风险提供参考依据。方法 回顾性分析2003 年1 月至2013 年12 月间94 例维吾尔族1 型糖尿病儿童(病例组)及96 例维吾尔族非糖尿病儿童(对照组)的临床资料,采用单因素分析和多因素回归分析方法探讨新疆维吾尔族儿童1 型糖尿病的危险因素。结果 单因素分析显示,病例组与对照组间年龄、前驱感染、居住地、喂养方式、摄入淀粉类食物时间、摄入高脂肪食物时间、家族史、抗胰岛细胞抗体(ICA)、抗胰岛素抗体(IAA)、抗谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA) 10 项变量比较存在统计学意义(P<0.05)。将该10 项变量进行多因素logistic 回顾分析,结果提示:较大的年龄、过早摄入淀粉类食物、过早摄入高脂肪食物、前躯感染、ICA 阳性、IAA 阳性是1 型糖尿病患病的主要危险因素,而母乳喂养是其保护因素。结论 新疆维吾尔族儿童1型糖尿病的发病是多因素的,避免和减少前驱感染、合理饮食、提倡母乳喂养可降低其发病风险。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors for type 1 diabetes among Uygur children in Xinjiang, China, in order to provide a basis for the prevention of this disease among Uygur children in Xinjiang. Methods The clinical data of 94 Uygur children with type 1 diabetes (case group) and 96 Uygur children without diabetes (control group) between January, 2003 and December, 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. The risk factors for type 1 diabetes among Uyghur children in Xinjiang were explored using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results According to the result of univariate analysis, there were significant differences in age, prodromal infection, residence, feeding method, time for intake of starchy foods, time for intake of high-fat foods, family history, islet-cell antibodies (ICA), insulin autoantibodies (IAA), and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies between the case and the control groups (P<0.05). According to the result of multivariate logistic analysis, older age, early intake of starchy foods, early intake of high-fat foods, prodromal infection, positive ICA, and positive IAA were major risk factors for type 1 diabetes, and breastfeeding was a protective factor. Conclusions Type 1 diabetes among Uyghur children in Xinjiang is caused by multiple factors. Prevention and reduction of prodromal infection, reasonable diet, and promotion of breastfeeding can reduce the risk of disease.