CCLG-ALL2008方案治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病复发患儿的特征分析

Clinical features of children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol

摘要:

目的 了解CCLG-ALL2008 方案治疗儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)复发患儿的临床特征。方法 选取2008 年4 月至2013 年6 月间初诊为儿童ALL,并接受CCLG-ALL2008 方案治疗的591 例患儿,回顾性分析并随访观察其中80 例复发患儿的临床特征。结果 CCLG-ALL2008 方案治疗后标危组、中危组、高危组复发率分别为7.0%、10.7%、28.7%(P<0.05)。TEL/AML1 阳性ALL 患儿复发率为8.0%,其复发患儿5 年预期总生存率(OS)为37.04%;MLL 阳性与BCR/ABL 阳性ALL 患儿复发率分别为35.0% 和24.2%,5 年OS 为0。复发者以超早期为主,占53%,超早期复发者5 年OS 为0;早期和晚期复发分别占34% 和14%,其5 年OS 分别为11.44% 和60.00%。复发部位以单纯骨髓复发为主(83%),单纯骨髓复发患儿5 年OS 为9.23%;骨髓伴有骨髓外复发患儿占11%,其5 年OS 为25.00%;单纯骨髓外复发患儿占6%,其5 年OS 为100%。T 细胞型ALL 患儿复发率为9.5%,其复发患儿5 年OS 为0;B 细胞型ALL 患儿复发率为14.3%,其复发患儿5 年OS 为15.52%。结论 CCLG-ALL2008 方案治疗后高危组患儿复发率较高;MLL、BCR/ABL 等基因阳性是高危复发因素。免疫分型与复发率无明显相关性。早期复发、单纯骨髓复发、T 细胞型ALL 复发及伴有BCR/ABL、MLL 等基因异常者复发后生存率极低。

Abstract:

Objective To study the clinical features of children with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treated with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol. Methods The data of 591 children who were newly diagnosed with ALL and were treated with the CCLG-ALL 2008 protocol between April 2008 and June 2013 were collected, and the clinical features of 80 children with relapsed ALL were retrospectively analyzed. Results After treatment with the CCLGALL2008 protocol, the recurrence rate in the standard-risk, intermediate-risk and the high-risk groups were 7.0%, 10.7% and 28.7% respectively (P<0.05). The recurrence rate in patients with TEL/AML1-positive ALL was 8.0%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) of the relapsed patients was 37.04%. The recurrence rates in patients with MLL-positive and BCR/ABL-positive ALL were 35.0% and 24.2% respectively, and none of the relapsed patients had long-term survival. The recurrence mainly occurred at the very early stage (53%), and none of patients with recurrence at the very early stage had long-term survival. The recurrence occurred at early stage and late stage accounted for 34% and 14% respectively, and the 5-year OS rates of patients with recurrence at early stage and late stage were 11.44% and 60.00% respectively. The sites of recurrence were mainly bone marrow alone (83%), and the 5-year OS of patients with recurrence at bone marrow alone was 9.23%. The recurrence in bone marrow and outside bone marrow accounted for 11%, and the 5-year OS of patients with recurrence in both bone marrow and outside bone marrow was 25.00%. The recurrence only outside bone marrow accounted for 6%, and the 5-year OS of patients with recurrence only outside bone marrow was 100%. The recurrence rate in patients with T-cell ALL was 9.5%, and none of the relapsed patients had long-term survival. The recurrence rate in patients with B-cell ALL was 14.3%, and the 5-year OS of the relapsed patients was 15.52%. Conclusions After treatment with the CCLG-ALL2008 protocol, a relatively high recurrence rate is observed in children with high-risk ALL. Positive MLL and positive BCR/ABL are high-risk factors for recurrence. The recurrence rate is not significantly correlated with immunophenotype. A very low survival rate is seen in children whose recurrence have the following features: at early stage, only in bone marrow, T-cell ALL, and abnormal BCR/ABL and MLL.