深圳市2003~2013年5岁以下儿童死亡监测结果分析

Analysis of mortality among children under 5 years of age in Shenzhen from 2003 to 2013

摘要:

目的 了解深圳市2003~2013 年5 岁以下儿童死亡率的变化趋势,以及死因顺位等监测情况。方法 收集2003~2013 年深圳市5 岁以下儿童死亡监测资料,计算不同户籍类型婴儿、5 岁以下儿童死亡率,及主要病种死因顺位。结果 2013 年深圳市婴儿和5 岁以下儿童死亡率分别为3.01‰和3.96‰,较2003 年(7.83‰和10.04‰)分别下降了61.56% 和60.56%。非户籍人口的婴儿死亡率及5 岁以下儿童死亡率明显高于常住人口的死亡率。5 岁以下儿童主要病种死因顺位为早产和低出生体重、先天性心脏病、意外窒息、败血症和出生窒息。结论 深圳市5 岁以下儿童死亡率呈明显的下降趋势,提高产前诊断与新生儿复苏技术,加强围生期保健和意外伤害预防,加强流动人口的健康服务是进一步降低5 岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

Abstract:

Objective To study the trend of the mortality rate and the leading causes of death among children under 5 years of age in Shenzhen, China, from 2003 to 2013. Methods The surveillance data of mortality among children under 5 years of age in Shenzhen from 2003 to 2013 were collected, and the mortality rates among infants (IMR) and children under 5 years of age (U5MR) with different household types and the leading causes of death were determined. Results Between 2003 and 2013 the IMR and U5MR in Shenzhen dropped by 61.56% and 60.56%, respectively from 7.83‰ and 10.04‰ in 2003 to 3.01‰ and 3.96‰ in 2013. The IMR and U5MR of the non-household population were significantly higher than those of the household population. The leading causes of death among children under 5 years of age were preterm birth/low birth weight, congenital heart disease, accidental asphyxia, septicemia, and birth asphyxia. Conclusions The U5MR has substantially reduced in Shenzhen. To further reduce the U5MR, it is important to improve prenatal diagnosis and neonatal resuscitation, enhance perinatal health care and accident prevention, and strengthen health care of floating population.