不同胎龄早产儿潮气呼吸肺功能的测定及分析

Measurement of tidal breathing pulmonary function in premature infants with different gestational ages

摘要:

目的 探讨不同胎龄早产儿潮气呼吸肺功能的特点。方法 根据胎龄将75例早产儿分为3组：<32周组、32~33⁺⁶周组、34~36⁺⁶周组; 55例39~40周的足月儿作为对照组。生后3~5 d测定各组潮气呼吸肺功能, 并在纠正胎龄40周时对各组再次进行潮气呼吸肺功能的测定。结果 生后3~5 d时, 3个早产儿组的吸气时间(tI))、达峰时间(TPEF)、达峰时间比(TPEF/tE)均低于对照组(P<0.05); 且显示胎龄越低, 潮气呼吸肺功能指标值越低的倾向。纠正胎龄40周时, 3个早产儿组的TPEF、TPEF/tE仍明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 新生儿潮气呼吸肺功能受胎龄的影响, 早产儿有明显的潮气呼吸肺功能受损, 胎龄越小, 潮气呼吸肺功能受限越明显。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the tidal breathing pulmonary function in premature infants with different gestational ages. Methods A total of 75 premature infants were classified into three groups according to their gestational ages: <32 weeks, 32-33⁺⁶ weeks and 34-36⁺⁶ weeks. Fifty-five full-term infants (39-40 weeks group) were selected as the control group. All infants were given the tidal breathing pulmonary function test at 3-5 days after birth. Moreover, all infants were given the tidal breathing pulmonary function test again at 40 weeks of the corrected gestational age. Results At 3-5 days after birth, the three groups of premature infants had significantly lower inspiratory time, time to peak tidal expiratory flow (tPTEF), and ratio of tPTEF to total expiratory time (tPTEF/tE) than the control group (P<0.05). The parameter values of the tidal breathing pulmonary function were lower when the gestational age was lower. Even at 40 weeks of the corrected gestational age, the three groups of premature infants still had significantly lower tPTEF and tPTEF/tE than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The tidal breathing pulmonary function of neonates is influenced by the gestational age. The tidal breathing pulmonary function of premature infants is obviously impaired, and the lower the gestational age, the more obvious the impairment.