早期早产儿动脉导管未闭发生的危险因素的病例对照研究

Risk factors for patent ductus arteriosus in early preterm infants: a case-control study

摘要:

目的 探讨早期早产儿动脉导管未闭(PDA)发生的危险因素,为进一步减少早产儿PDA 的发生提供临床依据。方法 将2013 年1 月至2014 年12 月住院治疗的136 例诊断为有血流动力学意义的PDA(hs-PDA)的早期早产儿(胎龄≤ 32 周)设为病例组,按1:1 的比例从同期住院的早期早产儿中按匹配病例对照原则抽取136 例无hs-PDA 的早产儿作为对照组,两组匹配因素包括性别及胎龄。收集可能与PDA 发生有关的新生儿基本情况、母亲孕期及围产期情况等资料,应用多因素条件logistic 回归分析筛选PDA 发生的危险因素。结果 单因素分析结果显示:新生儿感染性疾病、新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)、生后24 h 内血小板计数减低及低出生体重与hs-PDA 的发生相关(P<0.05)。多因素条件logistic 回归分析显示新生儿感染性疾病(OR=2.368)及生后24 h 内血小板计数减低(OR=0.996)是hs-PDA 发生的独立危险因素。结论 新生儿感染性疾病及生后24 h 内血小板计数减低会增加早期早产儿hs-PDA 的发生风险。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to provide a clinical basis for reducing the occurrence of PDA in early preterm infants. Methods A total of 136 early preterm infants (gestational age ≤32 weeks) who were hospitalized between January 2013 and December 2014 and diagnosed with hemodynamicalhy significant PDA (hs-PDA) were enrolled as the case group. Based on the matched case-control principle, 136 early preterm infants without hs-PDA were selected among those who were hospitalized within the same period at a ratio of 1:1 and enrolled as the control group. The two groups were matched for sex and gestational age. The basic information of neonates and maternal conditions during the pregnancy and perinatal periods were collected. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors for the development of PDA. Results Univariate analysis showed that neonatal infectious diseases, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth, and low birth weight were associated with the development of hs-PDA (P<0.05). Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that neonatal infectious diseases (OR=2.368) and decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth (OR=0.996) were independent risk factors for hs-PDA. Conclusions Neonatal infectious diseases and decreased platelet count within 24 hours after birth increase the risk of hs-PDA in early preterm infants.