母乳喂养的研究进展

Research advances in breastfeeding

摘要:

母乳是婴儿最天然的理想食品，母乳喂养的好处涉及母婴健康、婴儿免疫与生长发育以及社会等多方面。母乳库的建立与应用无疑为无法母乳喂养的早产儿以及其他疾病患儿提供了营养与治疗的新途径。目前母乳成分的研究围绕着母乳中的蛋白质种类与数量、生物活性成分、益生菌以及细胞群等多个方面。今后的研究将可能集中在母乳生物活性成分及细胞群的调控与作用机制、益生菌产品开发以及捐赠母乳的临床应用上。

Abstract:

Human breast milk is the most natural and ideal food for the baby. Breastfeeding provides benefits for maternal and child health, child immune function, growth and development, and society. The operation of human milk bank and the use of donor human milk undoubtedly provides a new way of nutrition support for the preterm infants without their own mother's milk and a new kind of treatment for other diseases. Present research on the composition of breast milk focuses on the variety and quantity of proteins, bioactive substances, probiotics and cell population. Future research may focus on the bioactive substances, the mechanism of regulation and effect of cell population, the application of probiotics and the clinical application of donor human milk.