巨细胞病毒感染引起听力损害的相关因素分析

Risk factors for hearing impairment induced by cytomegalovirus infection

摘要:

目的 探讨引起巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染患儿听力损害的相关因素分析。方法 依据脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)检测结果将158 例CMV 感染患儿分为听力正常组(n=117,BAEP ≤ 35)和听力异常组(n=41,BAEP>35)。收集两组患儿一般资料、血常规、肝功能、尿液及乳汁病毒拷贝数等进行回顾性分析;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)预测导致BAEP 异常的CMV-DNA 病毒载量;采用Spearman 秩相关分析对尿CMV-DNA拷贝数与听力损害程度、血小板计数间进行相关性分析。结果 听力异常组血小板异常率、肝功能异常率和尿CMV-DNA 拷贝数均高于听力正常组(P<0.01)。ROC 分析结果显示,当尿CMV-DNA 拷贝数为1.415×10⁶/mL时,预测病毒载量导致听力损伤的敏感性为46.3%,特异性为93.2%。相关性分析结果显示,听力损害的程度随着CMV-DNA 拷贝数的增加而增高(r=0.382,P<0.01);血小板计数和尿CMV-DNA 拷贝数之间存在负相关(r=-0.233,P=0.003)。结论 尿CMV-DNA 病毒载量可能与CMV 感染导致神经性听力障碍相关;当CMVDNA载量达到1.415×10⁶/mL 时,更易出现听力损害。存在血小板减少的CMV 感染患儿,应加强听力监测。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the risk factors for hearing impairment induced by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in children. Methods One hundred and fifty-eight children diagnosed with CMV infection were enrolled as subjects. Based on the results of the brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) test, patients were classified into normal hearing group (n=117; BAEP ≤35) and abnormal hearing group (n=41; BAEP >35). A retrospective analysis was performed on the general information, routine blood indices, liver function, copy number of CMV-DNA in urine and breast milk. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict the copy number of CMV-DNA resulting in abnormal BAEP. The Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to test the correlations of the copy number of CMV-DNA in urine with the degree of hearing impairment and platelet count. Results The incidence rates of platelet abnormality and abnormal liver function and the copy number of CMV-DNA in urine were significantly higher in the abnormal hearing group than in the normal hearing group (P<0.01). According to the ROC curve, the copy number of CMV-DNA in urine had a sensitivity of 46.3% and a specificity of 93.2% in predicting hearing impairment when it reached 1.415×10⁶ per mL. The results of correlation analysis showed that the degree of hearing impairment was positively correlated with the copy number of CMV-DNA (r=0.382, P<0.01); the platelet count was negatively correlated with the copy number of CMV-DNA in urine (r=-0.233, P=0.003). Conclusions An increased copy number of CMV-DNA in urine might be a risk factor for hearing impairment induced by CMV infection. Children are likely to have hearing impairment when the copy number of CMV-DNA reaches 1.415×10⁶ per mL. The monitoring of hearing should be strengthened in CMV-infected children with a decreased platelet count.