哮喘治疗药物生物通路的基因多态性研究进展

Research advances in gene polymorphisms in biological pathways of drugs for asthma

摘要:

哮喘治疗药物生物通路的基因多态性研究是指运用遗传药理学的方法,如全基因组关联研究(GWAS)、候选基因研究(CGS)、基因组测序、混合作图分析、连锁不平衡等来发现、确定并重复认证哮喘患者某一个或多个基因多态性位点(SNPs)联合影响药物疗效的研究,以期为哮喘患者提供效益最大、副作用最低、花费最少的医疗策略,从而实现个体化医疗。哮喘的主要治疗药物包括β2受体激动剂、糖皮质激素、白三烯调节剂及其他等,该文就这些哮喘常用药物的生物通路多态性位点分析研究成果做一综述,以期对未来的哮喘遗传药理研究提供一定的指导,使得哮喘的个体化医疗能够更快实现。

Abstract:

The studies on gene polymorphisms in biological pathways of the drugs for the treatment of asthma refer to the studies in which pharmacogenetic methods, such as genome-wide association studies, candidate gene studies, genome sequencing, admixture mapping analysis, and linkage disequilibrium, are used to identify, determine, and repeatedly validate the effect of one or more single nucleotide polymorphisms on the efficacy of drugs. This can provide therapeutic strategies with optimal benefits, least side effects, and lowest costs to patients with asthma, and thus realize individualized medicine. The common drugs for asthma are β2 receptor agonists, glucocorticoids, and leukotriene modifiers. This article reviews the research achievements in polymorphisms in biological pathways of the common drugs for asthma, hoping to provide guidance for pharmacogenetic studies on asthma in future and realize individualized medicine for patients with asthma soon.