儿童巨细胞病毒感染致喘息发生的免疫学机制

Immunological mechanism of wheezing attack in children with cytomegalovirus infection

摘要:

目的 探讨巨细胞病毒 （CMV）感染儿童喘息发作可能的免疫学发病机制。方法 选取5岁以下CMV感染喘息患儿25例，测定血清调节性T细胞 （Treg）、辅助性T细胞17 （Th17）细胞因子IL-10、IL-6、IL-17表达水平和外周血淋巴细胞亚群。20例同年龄段健康儿童作为对照组。结果 与对照组比较，CMV感染喘息组血清IL-10降低，IL-6、IL-17升高，淋巴细胞亚群NK细胞降低、CD8⁺T细胞、CD19⁺B细胞百分比升高，差异均有统计学意义。结论 CMV感染喘息儿童存在Treg/Th17失衡、细胞免疫功能紊乱，推测Treg/Th17失衡及细胞免疫功能紊乱可能是CMV感染后儿童喘息发生发展重要的免疫学发病机制。

Abstract:

Objective To study the possible immunological mechanism of wheezing attack in children with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Methods A total of 25 under-5-year-old children with wheezing following CMV infection were enrolled. The expression of serum regulatory T cells (Treg)/T helper 17 (Th17) cytokines interleukin (IL)-10, IL-6, and IL-17, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were determined. Twenty age-matched healthy children were selected as the control group. Results The wheezing group had a significantly reduced serum IL-10 level, significantly increased IL-6 and IL-17 levels, significantly reduced levels of natural killer cells, and significantly increased levels of CD8⁺ T cells and CD19⁺ B cells, as compared with the control group. Conclusions Wheezing children with CMV infection have Treg/Th17 imbalance and cellular immune dysfunction, which may be an important immunological mechanism of the development of wheezing in children after CMV infection.