重庆市托幼机构儿童膳食营养调查

An investigation of dietary nutrition in kindergartens of Chongqing, China

摘要:

目的 了解重庆市各级托幼机构儿童膳食营养状况。方法 分层整群随机抽取重庆市11个区县的295个托幼机构，其中一级托幼机构47个，二级托幼机构88个，三级托幼机构160个。采用称重法对各级托幼机构进行膳食营养调查，对各级托幼机构的膳食达标率进行比较分析。 结果 各级托幼机构儿童膳食中，能量、蛋白质、大多数维生素、矿物质和优质蛋白质供给的达标率 > 60%，而维生素A、抗坏血酸、钙、锌供给的达标率 < 60%。早、中、晚三餐及点心供热比达标率均 < 40%。不同级别托幼机构的部分营养素指标达标率差异显著，表现为一级托幼机构最优。结论 重庆市各级托幼机构膳食营养状况较好，但仍存在营养素构成不均衡的问题，需进一步加强对托幼机构的膳食指导，尤其是二级和三级托幼机构。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of dietary nutrition in kindergartens of Chongqing, China. Methods A total of 295 kindergartens (47 first-class ones, 88 second-class ones, and 160 third-class ones) from the 11 districts or counties of Chongqing by stratified cluster random sampling were investigated. The dietary nutrition in each kindergarten was evaluated by weighing. The dietary qualification rates were compared between the three classes of kindergartens. Results The qualification rates of energy, proteins, most vitamins, minerals, and quality proteins supply were over 60% in all three classes of kindergartens, while the qualification rates of vitamin A, ascorbic acid, calcium, and zinc supply were less than 60%. The energy supply rates at breakfast, lunch, supper and snack met the standards in less than 40% in all kindergartens. There were significant differences in the qualification rates of some nutrient parameters between different classes of kindergartens, highest in the first-class kindergartens. Conclusions The dietary nutrition is good in the first-, second-, and third-class kindergartens of Chongqing, but there is still nutrient imbalance. It is necessary to strengthen the dietary guidance in kindergartens, especially second-, and third-class kindergartens.