家庭养育环境对发育性语言障碍儿童语言发育和社会情绪的影响

Influence of home nurture environment on language development and social emotion in children with developmental language disorder

摘要:

目的 探讨家庭养育环境对发育性语言障碍（DLD）儿童语言发育和社会情绪的影响。方法 采用1~3岁儿童家庭养育环境量表、Gesell发育诊断量表和1~3岁幼儿情绪及社会性发展量表对125例DLD儿童进行测评。130例年龄、性别匹配的语言发育正常的儿童作为对照组。结果 DLD组儿童的家庭养育环境中不良环境所占比例显著高于对照组，家庭养育环境中的各领域得分均显著低于对照组（P < 0.05）。DLD儿童的家庭养育环境得分与儿童的语言发育水平（r=0.536，P < 0.01）、社会情绪中的能力域得分（r=0.397，P < 0.01）呈正相关，与社会情绪中的外显行为域、内隐行为域、失调域得分呈负相关（r分别为-0.455、-0.438、-0.390，P < 0.01）。DLD儿童的家庭养育环境对儿童的语言发育水平有直接的影响，也通过社会情绪的中介效应影响儿童的语言发育水平。结论 家庭养育环境影响DLD儿童的语言发育和社会情绪；社会情绪在儿童家庭养育环境和语言发育中起部分中介效用。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the influence of home nurture environment on language development and social emotion in children with developmental language disorder (DLD). Methods The 1-3 Years Child Home Nurture Environment Scale, Gesell Developmental Scale, and Infant-Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment Scale were used for the evaluation of 125 children with DLD. A total of 130 children with normal language development matched for age and sex were enrolled as control group. Results Compared with the control group, the DLD group had a significantly higher proportion of children in a bad home nurture environment and significantly lower scores of all domains of home nurture environment (P < 0.05). In children with DLD, the home nurture environment score was positively correlated with the level of language development (r=0.536, P < 0.01) and the score of ability domain in social emotion (r=0.397, P < 0.01) and was negatively correlated with the scores of the domains of explicit behavior, covert behavior, and imbalance in social emotion (r=-0.455, -0.438, and -0.390 respectively, P < 0.01). Home nurture environment had direct influence on language development in children with DLD and affected their language development via the mediating effect of social emotion. Conclusions Home nurture environment influences language development and social emotion in children with DLD, and social emotion has a partial mediating effect between home nurture environment and language development.