新生儿抗生素合理使用研究进展

Research advances in rational use of antibiotics in neonates

摘要:

抗生素是新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）的常用药物。然而，在生后早期，不必要地或长时间地暴露于抗生素，可增加新生儿发生不良预后的风险。NICU中的抗生素治疗大多始于经验性治疗。新生儿经验性抗生素治疗的启动标准及治疗疗程尚不统一。针对细菌培养阴性且临床表现稳定的新生儿，及时终止经验性抗生素治疗已成为共识。目前NICU中抗生素的使用存在较大差异。采取针对性的抗生素管理措施，是优化NICU抗生素使用方案的有效途径。

Abstract:

Antibiotics are commonly used in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), but unnecessary or long-time exposure to antibiotics early after birth can increase the risk of poor prognosis of neonates. Antibiotic treatment in the NICU often begins with empiric therapy, but no uniform standards have been established for the initiation and course of empiric therapy. In neonates with negative bacterial culture Results and stable clinical manifestations, empiric antibiotic therapy should be terminated in a timely manner. There are significant differences in the use of antibiotics in different NICUs. A targeted antimicrobial stewardship program is an effective way for optimizing the use of antibiotics in the NICU.