多巴胺D4受体基因exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR多态性与学龄儿童气质的相关性

Association between dopamine D4 receptor gene exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR polymorphism and temperament in school-aged children

摘要:

目的 了解多巴胺D4受体基因（DRD4）第3外显子48bp可变串联重复序列多态性（exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR）与学龄儿童气质的相关性。方法 随机整群抽取350名8~12岁健康儿童进行问卷调查，其中一半儿童进行口腔上皮采集，其中164名儿童问卷资料完整且口腔上皮细胞中DNA浓度较高的样本纳入研究，运用PCR技术进行DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR分型，并分析该基因及其与环境的交互作用对气质的影响。结果 携带L-DRD4基因型儿童在活动水平、反应强度、情绪本质以及坚持性4个维度的得分均低于S-DRD4基因型儿童（P < 0.05）。母亲教养方式为拒绝/否认（OR=2.281，P < 0.05）、儿童性别（OR=2.766，P < 0.05）的主效应及儿童性别与DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR的交互作用对儿童活动水平有影响（OR=0.582，P < 0.05）。DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR主效应（OR=0.314，P < 0.01）及该基因与母亲教养方式为拒绝/否认的交互作用（OR=1.872，P < 0.01）对儿童反应强度有影响。DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR （OR=0.420，P < 0.05）及母亲教养方式为拒绝/否认（OR=2.236，P < 0.05）的主效应对儿童坚持性有影响。结论 DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR及该基因与其他因素的交互作用可能影响学龄儿童的活动水平和反应强度。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the association between dopamine D4 receptor gene DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism and temperament in school-aged children.Methods Randomized cluster sampling was used to select 350 healthy children aged 8-12 years, and a questionnaire survey was performed. Oral epithelial samples were collected from half of these children. The complete questionnaire data of 164 children with a high level of DNA in oral epithelial samples were included in this study. PCR was used for the typing of DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR, and the effect of this gene and its interaction with the environment on temperament was analyzed.Results Compared with the children with S-DRD4 genotype, the children with L-DRD4 genotype had significantly lower scores on the four dimensions of activity level, reaction intensity, emotion essence, and persistence (P < 0.05). The main effects of mother's rejection/denial (OR=2.281, P < 0.05) and sex (OR=2.766, P < 0.05) and the interaction between sex and DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR (OR=0.582, P < 0.05) had an influence on activity level. The main effect of DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR (OR=0.314, P < 0.01) and the interaction between this gene and mother's rejection/denial (OR=1.872, P < 0.01) had an influence on reaction intensity. The main effect of DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR (OR=0.420, P < 0.05) and mother's rejection/denial (OR=2.236, P < 0.05) had an influence on persistence.Conclusions DRD4 exon Ⅲ 48bp VNTR and its interaction with other factors may affect the activity level and reaction intensity of school-aged children.