微小残留病变检测在儿童急性白血病中的应用

Clinical application of minimal residual disease detection in childhood acute leukemia

摘要:

近年来，儿童急性白血病（AL）治疗效果随化疗方案的改进和危险分层治疗的引入取得很大进展。但微小残留病变（MRD）仍然是影响AL预后的一大难题。MRD水平影响化疗方案的选择、复发风险的分级，同时还可用于判断预后。目前检测MRD的方法主要有流式细胞术（FCM）和PCR。随着二代测序技术（NGS）的不断成熟与发展，其在MRD检测尤其在干细胞移植（SCT）后MRD检测方面扮演着重要角色。本文对微小残留病变检测在儿童急性白血病中的应用进行综述。

Abstract:

In recent years, great progress has been made in the treatment outcome of childhood acute leukemia with the improvement of chemotherapy regimens and the introduction of risk-stratified therapy; however, minimal residual disease (MRD) is still a difficult problem which affects the prognosis of acute leukemia. MRD influences the selection of chemotherapy regimens and recurrence risk stratification, and meanwhile, it can be used for prognostic prediction. At present, flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction are mainly used for MRD detection. The next-generation sequencing also plays an important role in MRD detection, especially in MRD detection after stem cell transplantation. This article reviews the methodology and significance of MRD detection in childhood acute leukemia.