新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征研究进展

A review on neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome

摘要:

新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）是新生儿常见的临床危重症，是新生儿致死、致残的主要原因之一。新生儿ARDS病因及发病机制复杂，与各种病理因素导致的继发性肺表面活性物质（PS）缺乏有关，具有炎症性特点。新生儿ARDS作为一种临床综合征，与其他疾病难以鉴别。该病的治疗目前缺乏特效手段，仍是以呼吸支持、PS替代、体外膜肺氧合治疗、营养支持及液体管理等对症及综合治疗为主。该文就新生儿ARDS的病因分类、临床特点、诊断治疗策略等方面的研究进展做一综述。

Abstract:

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical critical disease and is one of the main causes of death and disability in neonates. The etiology and pathogenesis of neonatal ARDS are complicated. It is an acute pulmonary inflammatory disease caused by the lack of pulmonary surfactant (PS) related to various pathological factors. It is difficult to distinguish neonatal ARDS from other diseases. At present, there is no specific treatment method for this disease. Respiratory support, PS replacement, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, nutrition support and liquid management are main treatment strategies. This paper reviews the research advance in etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment strategies of neonatal ARDS.