孤独症谱系障碍儿童社会技能发展水平及其影响因素

Development of social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder and related influencing factors

摘要:

目的 了解孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童社会技能发展状况及其影响因素。方法 选取全国10个城市的889名ASD儿童作为研究对象，采用《孤独症儿童社会技能评定量表》对其进行社会技能评定。结果 ASD儿童社会技能各因子得分均低于理论中值，其中社会沟通水平最低，自我调控水平最高。不同年龄段的ASD儿童社会技能总分以及社会认知、社会参与得分差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。不同语言水平ASD儿童社会技能总分以及社会趋向、社会沟通、社会参与、自我调控得分差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。结论 ASD儿童社会技能较低，其社会技能与年龄和语言水平有关。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the development of social skills in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and related influencing factors. Methods A total of 889 children with ASD in 10 cities of China were enrolled as subjects. The Autism Social Skills Scale was used to assess their social skills. Results The children with ASD had a lower score of each factor than the theoretical median, with the lowest score for social communication and the highest score for self-regulation. There were significant differences in the total score of social skills and the scores of social cognition and social participation between the children with ASD in different age groups (P < 0.05). There were also significant differences in the total score of social skills and the scores of social orientation, social communication, social participation, and self-regulation between the ASD children with different language levels (P < 0.01). Conclusions Children with ASD have low social skills, and their social skills are associated with age and language level.