兰州市儿童肥胖与睡眠障碍的相关性分析

Association between obesity and sleep disorders among children in Lanzhou, China

摘要:

目的 调查兰州市儿童肥胖与睡眠障碍的流行情况及相互关系。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法在甘肃省兰州市4个区选取3 283名小学生，进行体格检查和睡眠问卷调查，选出符合睡眠障碍和符合肥胖标准的两组儿童作为研究对象，同时随机选出既无睡眠障碍也无肥胖的健康儿童200名作为对照组。结果 3 283名儿童中，肥胖检出率为5.76%（189/3 283），肥胖合并睡眠障碍的儿童占42.3%（80/189）。睡眠障碍检出率为16.24%（533/3 283），睡眠障碍儿童中肥胖的检出率为24.6%（131/533）。肥胖儿童中，打鼾是最常见的睡眠障碍；肥胖合并睡眠障碍儿童中，阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的检出率为45%（36/80）。肥胖儿童睡眠障碍的检出率（42.3%）明显高于体重正常儿童（20.0%，40/200），差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。结论 兰州市儿童肥胖和睡眠障碍之间关系密切，互为影响因素。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the prevalence of obesity and sleep disorders and the association between them among children in Lanzhou, China. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 283 primary school students in four districts of Lanzhou of Gansu province. Physical examination and sleep questionnaire were conducted to screen out the children who met the criteria for sleep disorders or obesity as subjects. Among the 3283 children, 200 healthy children without sleep disorders or obesity were enrolled as the control group. Results The prevalence rate of obesity among the 3 283 children was 5.76% (189/3 283). Among these 189 obese children, 80 (42.3%) had sleep disorders. The prevalence rate of sleep disorders was 16.24% (533/3 283), and the prevalence rate of obesity among the children with sleep disorders was 24.6% (131/533). Snoring was the most common sleep disorder in obese children. The prevalence rate of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome was 45% (36/80) among obese children with sleep disorders. The obese children had a significantly higher prevalence rate of sleep disorders than the children with normal body weight[42.3% (80/189) vs 20% (40/200), P < 0.01]. Conclusions There is a close relationship between obesity and sleep disorders in children in Lanzhou, China.