乌鲁木齐农村3~6岁儿童忽视现状及其危险因素分析

Current status of neglect among children aged 3-6 years in rural areas of Urumqi, China and risk factors for child neglect

摘要:

目的 了解新疆乌鲁木齐农村3~6岁儿童忽视现状及其危险因素，为今后开展新疆农村儿童忽视的防治提供理论依据。方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐农村6所幼儿园中1 326名3~6岁儿童，采用自行设计问卷和"儿童忽视状况评价问卷"对儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果 1 326名儿童中，忽视检出率为51.89%（688例），忽视度为49±6。不同年龄组儿童忽视率和忽视度差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；单亲家庭、再婚家庭儿童忽视率和忽视度均高于三代同堂家庭和核心家庭（P < 0.01）；留守儿童忽视程度高于非留守儿童（P < 0.01）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，低龄儿童、母亲文化程度较低、母亲外出打工、单亲家庭、再婚家庭、低收入家庭、留守儿童是儿童忽视的危险因素（P < 0.05）。结论 乌鲁木齐农村3~6岁儿童忽视问题较为突出，应加大对低龄儿童、文化程度较低母亲儿童、留守儿童及单亲家庭、再婚家庭、低收入家庭儿童的关注。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the current status of neglect in children aged 3-6 years in the rural areas of Urumqi, China and risk factors for neglect. Methods Stratified random cluster sampling was performed to select 1 326 children, aged 3-6 years, from 6 kindergartens in the rural areas of Urumqi. A self-designed questionnaire and "Chinese Neglect Evaluation Questionnaire for Rural Children Aged 3-6 Years" were used for investigation. Results Of the 1326 children, the neglect rate was 51.89% (688 cases), and the degree of neglect was 49±6. There were significant differences in the neglect rate and the degree of neglect between the children in different age groups (P < 0.01). The single-parent families and the remarried families had significantly higher child neglect rate and degree of neglect than the families of three generations under one roof and the core families (P < 0.01). The children in left-behind status had a significantly higher degree of neglect (P < 0.01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that younger children, mothers with low education level, employment status of the mother as a migrant worker, single-parent and remarried families, low-income families, and left-behind status were risk factors for child neglect (P < 0.05). Conclusions The neglect of children aged 3-6 years in the rural areas of Urumqi is serious, and more attention should be paid to younger children, children whose mothers with low education level, left-behind children, and children from single-parent families, remarried families and low-income families.