生酮饮食对难治性癫痫患儿脂类代谢水平的影响

Effects of ketogenic diet on lipid metabolism in children with intractable epilepsy

摘要:

目的 研究生酮饮食（KD）对难治性癫痫患儿脂类代谢的影响，并通过血脂的变化评估经KD治疗的患儿发生动脉粥样硬化的风险。方法 收集2013~2017年行KD治疗的47例难治性癫痫患儿的临床资料，检测患儿治疗前及治疗3个月后的血脂水平，包括甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白（LDL）；计算LDL/HDL比值、动脉硬化指数（AI）、血浆致动脉硬化指数（AIP）和血脂综合指数（LCI），来评估动脉粥样硬化的风险。结果 KD治疗3个月后，患儿TG、TC水平较治疗前轻度升高，HDL水平较治疗前略有下降，但差异均无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；患儿LDL水平在KD治疗3个月后明显高于治疗前（P < 0.05）。KD治疗3个月后，患儿LDL/HDL比值、AI、AIP和LCI数值与治疗前相比均有上升，但仅LDL/HDL比值在患儿治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论 KD治疗会引起LDL水平升高，动脉粥样硬化指标LDL/HDL比值升高，提示KD治疗可能会增加动脉粥样硬化发生风险。

Abstract:

Objective To study the effects of ketogenic diet (KD) on lipid metabolism in children with intractable epilepsy and the risk of atherosclerosis in children treated with KD assessed by changes in lipid profile. Methods The clinical data of 47 children with intractable epilepsy from 2013 to 2017 were collected. Blood lipid levels including triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), were detected before and 3 months after KD treatment. LDL/HDL ratio, arterial stiffness index (AI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and lipid comprehensive index (LCI) were calculated to assess the risk of atherosclerosis. Results After 3 months of KD treatment, the TG and TC levels were slightly higher than those before treatment, and the HDL levels were slightly lower than those before treatment, but the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The LDL levels of the children after 3 months of KD treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05). After 3 months of KD treatment, the LDL/HDL ratio and AI, AIP and LCI levels of the children were increased compared with those before treatment, but only the increase of the LDL/HDL ratio was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions KD treatment may lead to increase in LDL level and LDL/HDL ratio, suggesting that KD treatment may increase the risk of atherosclerosis.