持续性肺膨胀在<34周早产儿中应用的Meta分析

Application of sustained lung inflation in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 34 weeks: a Meta analysis

摘要:

目的 对持续性肺膨胀（SLI）在 < 34周早产儿中的应用效果进行系统评价。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国期刊全文数据库、中国科技期刊数据库，收集SLI对比单纯无创正压通气运用于早产儿的随机对照研究，采用Revman 5.3统计软件对符合纳入标准的临床研究进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入9项随机对照研究，合计1 432例早产儿（胎龄：23~33.7周）。Meta分析结果显示：与对照组相比，SLI组72 h内需机械通气率较对照组低（51.9% vs 56.9%；RR=0.91，P=0.04，95% CI：0.83~0.99）；两组病死率、肺表面活性物质使用率及相关并发症发生率（支气管肺发育不良、气胸、Ⅲ~Ⅳ级颅内出血）差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）。结论 SLI可减低 < 34周早产儿机械通气的使用，且未增加其余相关并发症的风险。

Abstract:

Objective To systematically review the effect of sustained lung inflation (SLI) in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 34 weeks. Methods PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, China Biology Medicine disc, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, and Weipu Database were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the application of SLI versus noninvasive positive pressure ventilation alone in preterm infants. Revman 5.3 was used to perform a Meta analysis for the RCTs which met the inclusion criteria. Results A total of 9 RCTs were included, with 1 432 preterm infants in total (with a gestational age of 23-33.7 weeks). The Meta analysis showed that compared with the control group, the SLI group had a significantly lower proportion of the infants who needed mechanical ventilation within 72 hours (51.9% vs 56.9%, RR=0.91, P=0.04, 95%CI:0.83-0.99). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the mortality rate, rate of use of pulmonary surfactant, and incidence rates of related complications (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pneumothorax, and grade III-IV intracranial hemorrhage) (P > 0.05). Conclusions SLI can reduce the use of mechanical ventilation in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 34 weeks and does not increase the risk of other complications.