中国农村儿童哮喘患病情况的Meta分析

Prevalence of pediatric asthma in the rural areas of China: a Meta analysis

摘要:

目的 系统评价中国农村儿童哮喘的患病情况，为防治儿童哮喘提供数据支持。方法 通过计算机检索PubMed、Cochrane、中国知网、万方和Embase数据库中建库至2019年8月31日关于中国农村儿童哮喘患病的横断面研究。由2个研究员独立进行资料的初步筛选、提取信息，运用Stata 14.0和R软件进行患病率的Meta分析，并进行亚组分析。结果 纳入24篇文献进行评价，共纳入212 814例儿童，其中哮喘患病3 254例，总患病率为2.02%（95% CI：1.67%~2.36%）；男童患病率高于女童（3.64% vs 2.03%，P < 0.001）；年患病率从1990~1999年的1.21%上升到2011~2015年的3.36%；华南地区（3.15%）的患病率高于华东（2.31%）、西南（2.15%）、华北（1.19%）、华中（1.12%）等地区；学龄前期儿童的患病率最高（2.63%），其次为婴幼儿（2.48%）和学龄期儿童（1.41%）。结论 中国农村儿童哮喘患病率相对较低，但呈现上升趋势。男性哮喘患病率高于女性；华南地区患病率较高；学龄前期儿童患病率较高。

Abstract:

Objective To systematically review the prevalence of pediatric asthma in the rural areas of China, and to provide data for the prevention and treatment of pediatric asthma. Methods PubMed, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Embase were searched for cross-sectional studies on the prevalence of pediatric asthma in the rural areas of China published up to August 31, 2019. Two researchers independently conducted preliminary screening and data extraction. Stata 14.0 and R software were used to perform a Meta analysis of prevalence rate. Subgroup analysis was also performed. Results A total of 24 articles were reviewed, with a sample size of 212 814 children, among whom there were 3 254 children with asthma, with an overall prevalence rate of 2.02% (95%CI: 1.67%-2.36%). Boys had a significantly higher prevalence rate than girls (3.64% vs 2.03%, P < 0.001). The annual prevalence rate increased from 1.21% in 1990-1999 to 3.36% in 2011-2015. The prevalence rate of pediatric asthma was 3.15% in South China, which was higher than that in East China (2.31%), Southwest China (2.15%), North China (1.19%), and Central China (1.12%). Preschool children had the highest prevalence rate of 2.63%, followed by infants and young children (2.48%) and school-age children (1.41%). Conclusions The prevalence rate of pediatric asthma is relatively low but tends to increase in the rural areas of China. Boys have a higher prevalence rate of asthma than girls, and the prevalence rate is higher in South China. Preschool children have the highest prevalence rate.