儿童神经心理行为检查量表2016版在孤独症谱系障碍幼儿中的临床应用

Application of the Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision 2016 in young children with autism spectrum disorder

摘要:

目的 分析比较孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）和单纯全面发育迟缓（GDD）患儿在儿童神经心理行为检查量表2016版（以下简称儿心量表2016版）中的表现特征及差异，探索儿心量表2016版对ASD的鉴别与提示作用。方法 以18~30月龄ASD（n=260）和单纯GDD（n=371）患儿为研究对象，采用儿心量表2016版评估两组儿童在大运动、精细运动、适应能力、语言、社会行为等5大能区的发育水平，采用受试者工作（ROC）曲线分析儿心量表2016版新增的交流互动警示行为能区对ASD的鉴别意义。结果 ASD组患儿5大能区的发育商（DQ）均低于单纯GDD组（P < 0.05）。ASD组患儿语言能区及全量表DQ与交流互动警示行为能区分数呈中度负相关（分别r_s=-0.566、-0.552，P < 0.01）。ROC曲线分析显示，交流互动警示行为能区对ASD有诊断价值（P < 0.05），曲线下面积为0.835，最佳截断值为10.5，灵敏度为0.750，特异度为0.798。结论 18~30月龄ASD患儿较单纯GDD发育更差；儿心量表2016版新增的交流互动警示行为能区对于ASD和单纯GDD患儿中ASD的鉴别有一定的提示和参考价值。

Abstract:

Objective To compare the assessment results of the Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision 2016 (CNBS-R2016) between young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and global developmental delay (GDD, without ASD) and to explore whether CNBS-R2016 could be helpful to early identification of ASD. Methods A total of 260 ASD and 371 GDD children aged 18-30 months were enrolled to finish the assessment of CNBS-R2016. The development quotients (DQs) of the five domains of CNBS-R2016 including gross motor, fine motor, adaptability, language and social behavior were compared between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the value of the autism-predicted domain in identifying ASD and GDD. Results The DQs of all the five domains in the ASD group were lower than those in the GDD group (P < 0.05). The language DQ and total DQ of the ASD group had a negative correlation with the score of the autism-predicted domain (r_s=-0.566, -0.552 respectively, P < 0.01). When the cut-off value of the autism-predicted domain was 10.5, the largest area under the ROC curve was 0.835, and the sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of ASD were 0.750 and 0.798 respectively. Conclusions The development of ASD children aged 18-30 months is worse than that of GDD children. CNBS-R2016 may be helpful to distinguish ASD from children with developmental delay.