粤东地区住院小儿急性下呼吸道感染病毒病原学研究

Viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children from East Guangdong of China

摘要:

目的：了解2007年粤东地区住院小儿下呼吸道感染患儿的病毒病原现状并比较各个年龄组、不同季节、不同病种的病毒检出情况。方法：选择因急性下呼吸道感染住院治疗的小儿345例，取其鼻咽抽吸物采用多重PCR方法以筛查呼吸道合胞病毒，腺病毒，流感病毒A型、B型，副流感病毒1型、3型，鼻病毒，博卡病毒及人类偏肺病毒。结果：①病毒总检出率为51.6%(178/345)，其中呼吸道合胞病毒占首位，病毒检出率为19.3%（66/345），而人类偏肺病毒为3.2%(11/345)，博卡病毒为3.2%(11/345)。②1～3月份(阳性率为61.9%)、毛细支气管炎患儿(阳性率为72.6%)、1～6个月婴幼儿(阳性率为71.3%)病毒检出率较高，4～6月份(阳性率为40.2%)、3岁以上儿童(阳性率为19.0%)病毒检出率较低，呼吸道感染病毒病原的总阳性率与性别无关。结论：粤东地区小儿下呼吸道感染的主要病毒病原为呼吸道合胞病毒等常见病毒，此外博卡病毒及人类偏肺病毒等也是重要的病原体；年龄越小，阳性率越高，不同季节的呼吸道病毒检出率不同，毛细支气管炎患儿的病毒总检出率最高。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（3）：203-206］

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) in hospitalized children from East Guangdong Province of China and the relationship of the pathogens with age and seasons. METHODS: The nasopharyngeal aspirates samples obtained from 345 hospitalized children with ALRTI were investigated for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human bocavirus (HBoV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), influenza virus types A and B, rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3 and adenovirus by PCR. RESULTS: Viral pathogens were detected in 178 patients (51.6%). RSV was the most frequent (19.3%). Novel viruses hMPV (3.2%) and HBoV (3.2%) were found. A highest detection rate 61.9％ of virus was found between January to March. The infants aged 1 to 6 months showed a higher detection rate 71.3% of virus than the other age groups. The detection rate of viral pathogens was 72.6% in children with bronchiolitis, followed by asthmatic bronchitis (70.0%) and bronchial pneumonia (44.6%). CONCLUSIONS:RSV remained the leading viral pathogens in children with ALRTI in East Guangdong of China. Novel viruses HBoV and hMPV were also important pathogens. The detection rate of viral pathogens was associated with seasonal changes and age. Different respiratory infectious diseases had different viral detection rates, with highest detection rate in bronchiolitis cases.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (3):203-206］