首次促肾上腺皮质激素治疗婴儿癫痫痉挛综合征疗效的影响因素分析

Factors influencing the efficacy of initial adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome

摘要:

目的 探讨促肾上腺皮质激素（adrenocorticotropic hormone，ACTH）首次治疗婴儿癫痫痉挛综合征（infantile epileptic spasms syndrome，IESS）短期（ACTH治疗28 d时）疗效、复发及预后的影响因素。方法 收集2008年4月—2018年1月中南大学湘雅医院小儿神经专科首次接受ACTH治疗且随访时间≥2年的IESS患儿的临床资料，采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨ACTH治疗短期疗效、复发和远期预后的影响因素。结果 ACTH治疗28 d时癫痫控制率为55.5%（111/200），治疗后12个月持续控制无复发率为67.6%（75/111）。未合并局灶性发作的患儿在ACTH治疗28 d时癫痫控制的可能性是合并局灶性发作患儿的2.463倍（P<0.05）；ACTH治疗14 d时脑电图无高度失律的患儿在ACTH治疗28 d时癫痫控制的可能性是ACTH治疗14 d时脑电图有高度失律患儿的2.415倍（P<0.05）；ACTH治疗前病程每增加1个月，治疗后12个月内复发可能性增加11.8%（P<0.05）。ACTH治疗28 d癫痫未控制患儿中重度发育迟滞或死亡的可能性是癫痫控制患儿的8.314倍（P<0.05），结构性病因患儿中重度发育迟滞或死亡的可能性是原因不明患儿的14.448倍（P<0.05）。结论 是否合并局灶性发作、治疗14 d时脑电图高度失律是否消失可作为ACTH治疗短期疗效的预测指标，而治疗前病程可作为ACTH治疗癫痫控制后是否复发的预测指标。IESS患儿的预后与病因相关，而使用ACTH后早期控制癫痫发作，也可改善远期预后。

Abstract:

Objective To study the factors influencing the short-term (28 days) efficacy of initial adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) therapy for infantile epileptic spasms syndrome (IESS), as well as the factors influencing recurrence and prognosis.Methods The clinical data were collected from the children with IESS who received ACTH therapy for the first time in the Department of Pediatric Neurology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, from April 2008 to January 2018 and were followed up for ≥2 years. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors influencing the short-term efficacy of ACTH therapy, recurrence, and long-term prognosis.Results ACTH therapy achieved a control rate of seizures of 55.5% (111/200) on day 28 of treatment. Of the 111 children, 75 (67.6%) had no recurrence of seizures within 12 months of follow-up. The possibility of seizure control on day 28 of ACTH therapy in the children without focal seizures was 2.463 times that in those with focal seizures (P<0.05). The possibility of seizure control on day 28 of ACTH therapy in the children without hypsarrhythmia on electroencephalography on day 14 of ACTH therapy was 2.415 times that in those with hypsarrhythmia (P<0.05). The possibility of recurrence within 12 months after treatment was increased by 11.8% for every 1-month increase in the course of the disease (P<0.05). The possibility of moderate or severe developmental retardation or death in the children without seizure control after 28 days of ACTH therapy was 8.314 times that in those with seizure control (P<0.05). The possibility of moderate or severe developmental retardation or death in the children with structural etiology was 14.448 times that in those with unknown etiology (P<0.05).Conclusions Presence or absence of focal seizures and whether hypsarrhythmia disappears after 14 days of treatment can be used as predictors for the short-term efficacy of ACTH therapy, while the course of disease before treatment can be used as the predictor for recurrence after seizure control by ACTH therapy. The prognosis of IESS children is associated with etiology, and early control of seizures after ACTH therapy can improve long-term prognosis.